Kidney Structure & Function

Question 1

What are the diameters of the kidneys?

Answer 1

Length in adults = 11- 14cm
Width is 5 - 6 cm
Depth is 3 - 4cm

Question 2

What is the normal GFR in adults?

Answer 2

120 - 130 mls/min/1.73m2 surface area

Question 3

What is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule?

Answer 3

60-80% water & Sodium
Potassium
Bicarbonate
Glucose
Amino acids

Question 4

Water & sodium are reabsorbed in the distal tubule and collecting duct under the influence of what hormones?

Answer 4

Aldosterone & ADH

Question 5

What is the final urine volume per day?

Answer 5

1 to 2L

Question 6

When do the serum urea & creatinine rise?

Answer 6

When there’s a 50 - 60% reduction in GFR

Question 7

Urea depends on GFR & production rate(protein intake and tissue catabolism). True or false?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Creatinine level is less dependent on diet but more on?

Answer 8

Age
Sex
Muscle mass

Question 9

If Urea & Creatinine are elevated, which is a better guide to GFR?

Answer 9

Creatinine