Kidneys

Question 1

Location of kidneys, at the level of

Answer 1

in both sides of the spine , at the level of lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebrae

Question 2

shape of the kidneys

Answer 2

bean-shaped

Question 3

Right kidney is _________ than left kidney due to the presence of liver

Answer 3

lower

Question 4

What are the 3 portions of the kidney?

Answer 4

Upper Pole
Mid pelvis
Lower pole

Question 5

appearance of kidney

Answer 5

low level echo

Question 6

What are the 2 layers of Renal Parenchyma?

Answer 6

1. inner medulla
2. outer cortex

Question 7

renal parenchyma is

Answer 7

hypoechoic

Question 8

renal sinus is also known as

Answer 8

central echo complex (CEC)

Question 9

central echo convex

Answer 9

hilum of kidney

Question 10

attachment to organ

Answer 10

hilum

Question 11

renal sinus is

Answer 11

hyperechoic

Question 12

components that makes Renal sinus bright

Answer 12

calyces
infundibulum
renal nerve
renal artery
renal vein

Question 13

adult size
length:
width:
AP:

Answer 13

9-14 cm
3-4 cm
2-3 cm

Question 14

Covering of the kidney

Answer 14

Gerota’s Capsule

Question 15

patient preparation (kidney)

Answer 15

none

Question 16

probe used in kidney

Answer 16

3.5 MHz Curved/Convex

Question 17

What are the congenital pathologies of the kidney?

Answer 17

Renal Agenesis
Duplex Kidney
Ectopic Kidney
Horseshoe Kidney

Question 18

absent (1 kidney only)

Answer 18

Renal Agenesis

Question 19

double collecting system

Answer 19

Duplex kidney

Question 20

abnormal location
most common in the pelvic cavity
one sided=cross ectopy

Answer 20

Ectopic Kidney

Question 21

Most common congenital anomaly
fusion anomaly

Answer 21

Horseshoe Kidney

Question 22

What are the acquired pathologies in the kidney?

Answer 22

Nephritis
Hydronephorosis
Renal Parenchymal Disease
Nephrocalcinosis
Cyst
Abscess
Tumor
Stones

Question 23

inflammation, pyelo, glomerulo

Answer 23

Nephritis

Question 24

inflammation of glomerulus

Answer 24

glomerulonephritis

Question 25

inflammation of pelvis

Answer 25

pyelonephritis

Question 26

enlarged size ang kidney, grabe habok sang pelvis kag calyces

Answer 26

Hydronephrosis

Question 27

dilated calyces

Answer 27

pelvocaliectasia

Question 28

dilated ureter which is more than 8 mm

Answer 28

Pelvoureterocaliectasia

Question 29

increased parenchymal echogenecity becomes hyperechoic or high level echo

Answer 29

Renal Parenchymal Disease

Question 30

hyperechoic parenchyma by layers or high level echo common sa medullary portion

Answer 30

Nephrocalcinosis

Question 31

Calyces filled with pus

Answer 31

Dyonephrosis

Question 32

Calculi in urinary bladder

Answer 32

cystolithiasis

Question 33

stone in the ureter

Answer 33

ureterolithiasis

Question 34

stone in the kidney or renal calculi

Answer 34

nephrolithiasis

Question 35

presence of stones in the urinary bladder, formation of stones (calculi)

Answer 35

urolithiasis

Question 36

cyst beyond the border of kidney

Answer 36

exophytic

Question 37

HYPERECHOIC tumor in kidney, a tumor that arises from blood vessel, muscles and fats

Answer 37

Angiomyolipoma

Question 38

dirty shadowing that surrounds kidney

Answer 38

perinephric abscess