Kids & Spinal Flashcards
(22 cards)
What do you think about before giving a toy to a child?
Size (no small toys under 4)
NO metal/dye cast if oxygen is in use
Beware of fomites - non living things that harbor microorganisms like stuffed animals
If a patent is immunocompromised what kind of toy would you give them?
Hard plastic toy because can be disinfected
What are the considerations for an infant 0-6 months? Best toy? 2nd choice?
Sensorimotor
Best choice: musical mobile
Second choice: Large but soft toy
What are the considerations for an infant 6-9 months? Best toy? 2nd choice? Worst toy?
Object permanence
Best toy: cover/uncover toy such as jack in the box, peaks boo, window books
Second best: large but firm
Worst: Musical mobile d/t strangulation
What are the considerations for an infant 9-12 months? Best toy? 2nd choice?
Vocalization
Best: speaking or verbal toys such as tickle me Elmo, woody cowboy talking books
If a question has the words that indicate purposeful play, only pick for ages _____ and older
Build, sort, stack, make, construct
9 months and older
What are toddlers (1-3) working on? Best toy? What kind of play do they do?
Gross motor skills such as running and jumping
Best toy: push/pull toy like lawn mower, wagon.
CAN finger paint
Parallel play - alongside each other
If an activity/toy takes finger dexterity, which age group is this NOT for?
NOT for toddlers and younger
What are preschoolers (3-6) working on? Good toys/activities? Type of play?
Fine motor skills
Finger dexterity - write, draw, use pencils/scissors
Balance - dance, ice skate, tricycles, tumbling
Cooperative play - play with others. They are highly imaginative (you be the cop ill be the robber)
What are school age (7-11) working on? What 3 things do they like?
Concrete
- Creative - they like to get involved. Don’t give them a coloring book, give them a black paper to draw
- Collective - baseball cards, stickers
- Competitive - WANT winner/loser. DONT want to hear EVERYONE WINS
What are adolescents (12-18) working on? Activities? What 3 scenarios would not allow these activities to occur?
Peer group association
Allow them to be in each other rooms UNLESS
- <12 hours post-op
- immunosuppressed
- Contagious
Why preform a laminectomy? What is the MOST important question to ask about a laminectomy?
To relieve nerve root compression. Cuts away bony prominences to give the nerve more room
LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION
What are the s/s of nerve root compression?
Pain
Parethesia (tingly)
Paresis (muscle weakness)
With a cervical laminectomy, what you you assess pre-op first and second? What do you watch for post-op?
Pre-op - cervical innervates diaphragm and arms
First: assess for breathing
Second: assess function of arms/hands
Post-op: pneumonia b/c trouble breathing deeply
With a thoracic laminectomy, what you you assess pre-op first and second? What do you watch for post-op?
Pre-op: innervates gut/abd muscles
First: cough (need to use abd muscles to cough)
Second: bowels
Post-op: pneumonia (b/c cant cough) and paralytic ileus
With a lumbar laminectomy, what you you assess pre-op first and second? What do you watch for post-op?
Pre-op: Innervates bladder and legs
First: assess urinary retention/last time pt voided
Second: leg function
Post-op: Urinary retention and leg issues
How do you move a patient after a laminectomy?
log roll
DO NOT dangle/have these pts. sit on edge of bed. Only long enough to overcome othrostatic
Supine to walking ASAP
DO NOT allow them to sit for more than 30 minutes
Walk, stand, lie down without restrictions
What type of laminectomy will require a chest tube?
Anterior thoracic b/c have to go through the front/chest/spine so pneumothorax
What is a laminectomy with fusion? Where is the bone taken from?
When removing a disc, then you need to fuse so no bone on bone
Taken form the hip –> two incisions
Which incision has more pain in a laminectomy with fusion? Which has the most bleeding? Infection? High risk for rejection?
Hip
Hip (hemovac/JP will be here)
Both have same risk
Spine
What are the 4 temporary restrictions for a laminectomy?
Do not sit for >30 minutes for 6 weeks
Lie flat and log roll for 6 weeks
Don’t drive for 6 weeks
Don’t life more than 5 pounds for 6 weeks
What are the 3 permanent restrictions for a laminectomy?
Never be allowed to lift by bending at the waist (must bend at the knees)
Cervical should never be allowed to lift anything of their head
No horseback right, off trail biking, jerky amusement park rides
