Kinematics + Mechanics I: Force, Work, Energy

Question 1

Definition of Speed

Answer 1

Rate of change of distance

Question 2

Speed - What type of Physical Quantity?

Answer 2

Scalar

Question 3

Speed - Formula

Answer 3

Speed = distance/time

Question 4

Definition of Velocity

Answer 4

Rate of change of Displacement

Question 5

Velocity - What type of Physical Quantity?

Answer 5

Vector

Question 6

Velocity - Formula

Answer 6

Velocity = Displacement/time

Question 7

Calculation of Average Speed (in a changing speed route)?

Answer 7

Average Speed = Total Distance travelled / Total Time

Question 8

What is the definition of Acceleration?

Answer 8

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.

Question 9

What is the SI Unit of Acceleration?

Answer 9

Acceleration SI Unit - m/s^2

Question 10

Acceleration is a _____ quantity.

Answer 10

Acceleration is a VECTOR quantity.

Question 11

The direction of acceleration is the direction of ______ __ ______.

Answer 11

The direction of acceleration is the direction of CHANGE IN VELOCITY.

Question 12

There is acceleration only when velocity _______ !

Answer 12

There is acceleration only when velocity CHANGES!

Question 13

If velocity is constant throughout, there is no _________!

Answer 13

If velocity is constant throughout, there is no ACCELERATION!

Question 14

If the velocity is decreasing, then the object is said to have ___________.

Answer 14

If the velocity is decreasing, then the object is said to have DECELERATION.

Question 15

What does it mean when we say - uniform acceleration?

Answer 15

Uniform Acceleration : Acceleration that is constant (same value).

Question 16

What does it mean when we say - non-uniform acceleration?

Answer 16

Uniform Acceleration : Acceleration that is changing (Increasing/Decreasing Value)

Question 17

Describe - How would a “ object at rest”, distance over time graph look like?
(Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 17

Since the distance value doesn’t change - Horizontal Line Parallel to the time (x Axis).
(Try to draw it if it doesn’t add up)

Question 18

Describe - How would a “object with Uniform Velocity”, distance over time graph look like?
(Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 18

A steep line going upwards with a slope that is equal to the velocity of the moving object.
(Try to draw it if it doesn’t add up)

Question 19

Describe - How would a “Object with Uniform Acceleration”, distance over time graph look like?
(Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 19

A curved line bent upwards - since there is an increase in velocity the rate of distance from the moving object keeps growing faster and faster.
(Try to draw it if it doesn’t add up)

Question 20

Describe - How would a “Object with Uniform Deceleration”, distance over time graph look like?
(Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 20

A curved line bent downwards - since there is a decrease in velocity the rate of distance from the moving object grows slower and slower. This could reach a point similar to the “at rest” graph where distance is constant!
(Try to draw it if it doesn’t add up)

Question 21

Describe - How would a “ object at rest”, speed over time graph look like?
(Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 21

No line. No movement = Speed is equal to zero .
At any point in time there is no speed - mathematically meaning that no value on the x axis will produce a value for the y axis.

Question 22

Describe - How would a “ Object with Uniform Velocity”, speed over time graph look like?
(Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 22

Since the speed value doesn’t change - Horizontal Line Parallel to the time (x Axis).
(Try to draw it if it doesn’t add up)

Question 23

Describe - How would a “ Object with Uniform Acceleration”, speed over time graph look like?
(Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 23

A steep line going upwards. Since there is a constant increase in velocity it has a slope that is equal to the acceleration value.
(Try to draw it if it doesn’t add up)

Question 24

Describe - How would a “ Object with Uniform Deceleration”, speed over time graph look like?
(Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 24

A steep line going downwards. Since there is a constant decrease in velocity it has a slope that is equal to the deceleration value.
(Try to draw it if it doesn’t add up)

Question 25

Describe - How would a "Object with Increasing Non-Uniform Acceleration", velocity over time graph look like? (Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 25

A curved line bent upwards - since there is an increase in velocity that grows faster and faster. The value of the velocity becomes greater in an increasing rate! (Try to draw it if it doesn't add up)

Question 26

Describe - How would a "Object with Increasing Non-Uniform Deceleration", velocity over time graph look like? (Theses are kinematic Patterns that are useful to remember)

Answer 26

A curved line bent downwards- since there is a decrease in velocity that grows slower and slower. The value of the velocity becomes smaller in a decreasing rate! This could reach a point where the value of the velocity is constant (or zero) - Horizontal line over the x axis. (Try to draw it if it doesn't add up)

Question 27

What is the meaning of the area under the curve for a Velocity over time graph? (Hint: Integral of speed function)

Answer 27

Displacement

Question 28

What is the meaning of the slope/gradient of the curve for a Velocity over time graph? (Hint: Derivative of speed function)

Answer 28

Acceleration

Question 29

What is the meaning of the area under the curve for a Acceleration over time graph? (Hint: Integral of acceleration function)

Answer 29

Velocity

Question 30

What is the meaning of the slope/gradient of the curve for a Displacement over time graph? (Hint: Derivative of Displacement function)

Answer 30

Velocity

Question 31

What is the acceleration value of an object in free fall? What is this value called? (No air resistance/friction)

Answer 31

Gravitation/Earth constant = 10 ~ (m/s^2)

Question 32

Any object that is being acted upon only by the force of gravity is said to be in a state of ___ _____.

Answer 32

Any object that is being acted upon only by the force of gravity is said to be in a state of FREE FALL.

Question 33

Rules of Free fall: | 1. Free-falling objects do not encounter air _________

Answer 33

3 rules of Free fall: | 1. Free-falling objects do not encounter air RESISTANCE!

Question 34

Rules of Free fall: | 2. All free-falling objects (on Earth) accelerate downwards at a rate of __ m/s2.

Answer 34

Rules of Free fall: | 2. All free-falling objects (on Earth) accelerate downwards at a rate of 10 m/s2.

Question 35

Rules of Free fall: | 3. Not affected by ____ and _____ of the object.

Answer 35

Rules of Free fall: | 3. Not affected by MASS and SHAPE of the object.

Question 36

Newton's 1st law:

Answer 36

Objects at rest and objects in motion remain in motion in straight line ("persist") unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Rest means - ΣF=0.

Question 37

Newton's 2nd law:

Answer 37

Force Equals mass time acceleration: | F=ma

Question 38

Newton's 3rd law:

Answer 38

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 39

What is Hooke's Law?

Answer 39

𝐹=−𝑘*𝑥 𝐹 - Elastic Force of a Spring 𝑘 - Spring Constant (Hooke's) x - Displacement

Question 40

a body in motion would remain in motion unless a _____ (such as friction) caused it to come to rest.

Answer 40

a body in motion would remain in motion unless a force (such as friction) caused it to come to rest.

Question 41

If a body has a net force acting on it, it is accelerated in accordance with the ______ law of newton.

Answer 41

If a body has a net force acting on it, it is accelerated in accordance with the second law of newton.

Question 42

What law deals with the stress-strain relationship?

Answer 42

Hooke's Law

Question 43

The ______ of the material is proportional to the applied stress within the elastic limit of that material.

Answer 43

The strain of the material is proportional to the applied stress within the elastic limit of that material.

Question 44

What is the Unit of the spring constant k? | Hooke's Law

Answer 44

[N/m]

Question 45

____ can be defined as transfer of energy

Answer 45

Work can be defined as transfer of energy

Question 46

If one object transfers (gives) energy to a second object, then the first object does ____ on the second object.

Answer 46

If one object transfers (gives) energy to a second object, then the first object does work on the second object.

Question 47

Lifting a weight from the ground and putting it on a shelf is a good example of ____.

Answer 47

Lifting a weight from the ground and putting it on a shelf is a good example of work. *The force is equal to the weight of the object, and the distance is equal to the height of the shelf (W= Fxd)

Question 48

What is the relationship between Force, Distance and Work?

Answer 48

W=Fxd | Force times distance equals Energy!

Question 49

______ can be defined as the capacity for doing work.

Answer 49

Energy can be defined as the capacity for doing work.

Question 50

The energy of a moving object is called ______ energy.

Answer 50

The energy of a moving object is called kinetic energy.

Question 51

For an object of mass m, moving with velocity of magnitude v, this energy can be calculated from the formula :

Answer 51

E= 1/2 mv^2. 

Question 52

What are the basic two type of energies?

Answer 52

There are two types of energy in many forms: Kinetic Energy = Energy of Motion Potential Energy = Stored Energy

Question 53

What are examples for Solar Energy?

Answer 53

Infrared Heat, Radio Waves, Gamma Rays, Microwaves, Ultraviolet Light

Question 54

What are processes involving for Atomic/Nuclear Energy?

Answer 54

Nuclear Fission: When a neutron splits an atom's nucleus into smaller pieces it is called . Nuclear Fusion: When two nuclei are joined together under millions of degrees of heat.

Question 55

What is Electrical Energy ?

Answer 55

The generation or use of electric power over a period of time expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh), megawatt-hours (NM) or gigawatt-hours (GWh).

Question 56

What is Chemical Energy ?

Answer 56

Chemical energy is a form of potential energy related to the breaking and forming of chemical bonds. It is stored in food, fuels and batteries, and is released as other forms of energy during chemical reactions. 

Question 57

What is Mechanical Energy?

Answer 57

Energy of the moving parts of a machine. Also refers to movements in humans

Question 58

What is Heat Energy ?

Answer 58

A form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

Question 59

What is Power?

Answer 59

Power is the work done in a unit of time. In other words, power is a measure of how quickly work can be done.

Question 60

What is the Unit of Power?

Answer 60

The unit of power is the Watt = 1 Joule/ 1 second.

Question 61

What are the units for Energy and Work?

Answer 61

Joules (J) | For both

Question 62

What is the formula for Power?

Answer 62

P = E / t

Question 63

Constant for conversion of E to m? | Energy to Mass

Answer 63

E=mc^2

Question 64

What does the mass-equivalence state?

Answer 64

In specific situations Mass can be converted to Energy of a proportion that is equivalent to the mass times the speed of light square! (and vice versa)