Kinesiology Of The Elbow

Question 1

What are the 4 joints of the elbow and forearm?

Answer 1

Ulnohumeral
Radiohumeral
Proximal radioulnar
Distal radioulnar

Question 2

What 2 joints make up the elbow joint proper?

Answer 2

The ulnohumeral and radiohumeral joints

Question 3

What is the CPP of the ulnohumeral joint?

Answer 3

Extension with supination

Question 4

What is the capsular pattern of the ulnohumeral joint?

Answer 4

Flexion, extension

Question 5

What is the typical dislocation of the ulnohumeral joint?

Answer 5

Humerus moves anterior inferior

Question 6

What type of joint is the ulnohumeral?

Answer 6

Hinge synovial

Question 7

What is the main ligament of the ulnohumeral joint?

Answer 7

Medial/ulnar collateral ligament

Question 8

What does the medial/ulnar collateral ligament of the ulnohumeral joint limit?

Answer 8

Valgus motion / abduction
Blends with tendon of FCU to form cubital tunnel for the ulnar nerve

Question 9

What are the movements of the ulnohumeral joint? In what plane and axis?

Answer 9

Flex/ex - around medial lateral axis in the Sagital plane

Question 10

What is the CPP of the radiohumeral joint?

Answer 10

Elbow flexed to 90 degrees with 5 degrees of supination

Question 11

What is the capsular pattern of the radioulnar joint?

Answer 11

flexion, extension

Question 12

What is the typical dislocation in the radiohumeral joint?

Answer 12

the humerus moves anterior inferior

Question 13

What type of joint is the radiohumeral joint?

Answer 13

uniaxial hinge synovial

Question 14

What is the main ligament of the radiohumeral joint?

Answer 14

lateral/radial collateral lig,

Question 15

What does the lateral/radial collateral ligament limit?

Answer 15

varus motion and adduction

Question 16

What are the movements of the radiohumeral joint? (including planes and axis)

Answer 16

flex/ex
medial lateral axis and sagittal plane

Question 17

How is the carrying angle measured?

Answer 17

the acute angle between the long axis of the humerus and forearm

Question 18

What is the normal range of carrying angles?

Answer 18

5 to 15 degrees

Question 19

What is the CPP of the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 19

5 degrees of supination

Question 20

What is the capsular pattern of the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 20

equal limitation of supination and pronation

Question 21

What is the typical dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 21

radial head moves inferiorly out of the annular ligament

Question 22

What are the 2 main ligaments in the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 22

the annular ligament and the oblique cord

Question 23

What does the oblique cord limit?

Answer 23

limits supination and inferior radial displacement and ensures apposition

Question 24

What are the movements of the radioulnar joint, including axis?

Answer 24

supination-pronation

Question 25

What type of joint is the intermediate radioulnar joint?

Answer 25

fibrous syndesmosis (amphiarthroidial)

Question 26

What is the ligament of the intermediate radioulnar joint?

Answer 26

the interosseous membrane

Question 27

What does the interosseous membrane limit or do in the intermediate radioulnar joint?

Answer 27

limits supination and pronation stabilizes the distal joint during pronation transfers force from distal radius to ulna during FOOSH

Question 28

What is the CPP of the distal radioulnar joint?

Answer 28

5 degrees of supination

Question 29

What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?

Answer 29

pivot synovial

Question 30

What is the capsular pattern of the distal radioulnar joint?

Answer 30

pain at extremes of rotation

Question 31

What is the typical dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint?

Answer 31

radiocarpal disclocation vs radioulnar

Question 32

What is the main ligament of the distal radioulnar joint?

Answer 32

Anterior and posterior radioulnar ligament

Question 33

What does the anterior and posterior radioulnar ligament do?

Answer 33

ensures apposition anterior fibres limit supination posterior fibres limit pronation

Question 34

What are the movements of the distal radioulnar joint and what axis?

Answer 34

supination-pronation mechanical axis

Question 35

What are the prime movers of the elbow?

Answer 35

biceps brachii brachialis brachioradialis triceps brachii pronator teres pronator quadratus supinator

Question 36

Which muscle is an active flexor of the elbow in all forearm positions against resistance?

Answer 36

biceps brachii

Question 37

In what forearm position is biceps brachii strongest?

Answer 37

80 to 100 degrees of flexion

Question 38

What muscle is a primary flexor of the elbow that is active in all forearm positions, with and without resistance?

Answer 38

brachialis

Question 39

In what position is brachialis strongest?

Answer 39

100 degrees flexion (optimizes length-tension relationship)

Question 40

True or false, brachioradialis is a shunt muscle?

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Which head of triceps is most active in unresisted extension?

Answer 41

medial head

Question 42

What movement does triceps neutralize during biceps supination?

Answer 42

flexion

Question 42

Why does the long head of triceps contribute to posterior shoulder stability?

Answer 42

It's a shunt muscle

Question 43

How is triceps a synergist to biceps?

Answer 43

controlling flexion during resisted supination

Question 44

How is biceps a synergist?

Answer 44

contributes to radioulnar stability in full extension via passive muscle tension

Question 45

How is anconeus a synergist?

Answer 45

contributes to extension stabilizes elbow during supination and pronation

Question 46

How is pronator teres a synergist?

Answer 46

stabilizes the radiohumeral joint during pronation by approximating the apposing bones