Kinesiology of the knee

Question 1

Due to oblique axis, In full extension the tibia lies slightly _______ to the femur.

Answer 1

lateral

Question 2

Due to oblique axis, In full flexion of the femur the tibia lies slightly ________ to the femur.

Answer 2

Medial

Question 3

Both ___ & ___ are intracapsular and extrasynovial

Answer 3

ACL and PCL

Question 4

O’Donahue’s triad

Answer 4

ACL, MCL, medial meniscus injury during valgus stress to a flexed knee.T

Question 5

Tibiofemoral joint CPP

Answer 5

Full extension with external tibial rotation

Question 6

Tibiofemoral joint capsular pattern

Answer 6

Flexion > extension

Question 7

Tibiofemoral typical dislocation

Answer 7

Tibia moves anterior or posterior, uncommon

Question 8

Axis of rotation at the knee is _______ in a superolateral direction

Answer 8

Oblique
This occurs as the medial femoral condyle is slightly longer than the lateral.

Question 9

During terminal knee extension in non-weight bearing, the tibia rotates laterally about __ degrees on the fixed femur

Answer 9

20 degrees

Question 10

_________ is primarily responsible for unlocking the femur and tibia.

Answer 10

Popliteus

Question 11

_______ ________ and ___ are responsible for locking the tibia

Answer 11

Biceps femoris and ITB

Question 12

Adductor magnus is responsible for locking the _______

Answer 12

Femur

Question 13

This mechanism provides stability to the fully extended knee on standing so that the quadriceps activity is not required.

Answer 13

Locking-unlocking mechanism

Question 14

The long axis of the femur and the long axis of the tibia intersect to create a physiologic valgus at the knee joint of ___-___ degrees

Answer 14

185-190 degrees

Question 15

During terminal knee extension in weight bearing, the femur rotates _____ on the fixed tibia

Answer 15

Medially (internally)

Question 16

_____________ allows us to stand erect for prolonged periods of time without requiring constant quadriceps contraction.

Answer 16

Screw home mechanism

Question 17

In open kinetic chain the tibia must ________ rotate on fixed femur to unlock

Answer 17

Medially

Question 18

In closed kinetic chain, the femur must ________ rotate on fixed tibia to unlock

Answer 18

Laterally

Question 19

Medial/lateral rotation of the tibiofemoral joint occurs in what axis?

Answer 19

It occurs about mechanical axis of tibia roughly located at the medial tibial intercondylar tubercle

Question 20

Rotation is maximal at ___ degrees knee flexion due to laxity in MCL and LCL

Answer 20

90 degrees

Question 21

______ axis is directed inferomedial, whereas the ______ axis is directly vertical

Answer 21

Femoral axis
Tibial axis
-when these axes meet the form an “obtuse angle” of 185-190 degrees opening medially

Question 22

Genu Varum

Answer 22

angle less than 175 degrees

Question 23

Genu Valgum

Answer 23

Angle greater than 195 degrees

Question 24

Genu recurvatum

Answer 24

Hyperextension of the knees in standing
May be BL or unilateral

Question 25

Patellofemoral joint CPP

Answer 25

Full flexion; least congruent joint in the body

Question 26

Patellofemoral joint capsular pattern

Answer 26

Not applicable cartilage on posteromedial patella typically sees greatest degeneration

Question 27

Patellofemoral joint typical dislocation

Answer 27

superolateral

Question 28

The _______ acts to change the angle of pull of the quadriceps as a group

Answer 28

patella

Question 29

___% increase in quadriceps force required to complete last ___ degrees of knee extension b/c this is the point at which the moment arm is the smallest

Answer 29

60% to complete last 15 degrees

Question 30

As flexion increases, so does the force generated by ______ and thus compressive force across the PF joint

Answer 30

quadriceps mm

Question 31

Contributing factors to lateral tracking of the patella

Answer 31

Stronger VL and VMO lateral tibial torsion accompanying subtalar supination Femoral retroversion

Question 32

Hamstring group is significantly active in ________ chain movements

Answer 32

Closed chain (to stabilise the pelvis during trunk motion) 2/3 as strong as quads- don't work against gravity

Question 33

Gastrocs primarily acts to prevent knee _________________ (by firing eccentrically)

Answer 33

hyperextension

Question 34

Vastus _________ key in optimal patellar tracking vastus __________ key in terminal extension

Answer 34

Vastus medialis oblique Vastus medialis longus