Kinesiology Week 10

Question 1

What are the muscles that control pelvic tilt?

Answer 1

1. abdominals (rectus abdominis, external oblique)
2. Hip flexors (iliopsoas, T.F. latae, rectus femoris, sartorius)
3. Low back extensors
4. Hip extensors (gluteus maximus, hamstrings)

Question 2

anterior pelvic tilt

Answer 2

force couples: between the hip flexors (pulling down) and
low back muscles (pulling up)

Question 3

posterior pelvic tilt

Answer 3

force couples: hip extensors (pulling down) and abdominals (pulling up)

Question 4

listen to lecture on the first slide about why lordosis with pelvic tilt

Question 5

What are the bones of the pelvis?

Question 6

Does the hip joint have more or less ROM than the shoulder?

Answer 6

less ROM, more congruent than the glenohumeral joint, stability is important due to weight bearing

Question 7

What are the movements of the hip joint?

Answer 7

abduction/adduction
flexion/extension
medial/lateral rotation
circumduction

Question 8

The _______ brings blood supply to the femur

Answer 8

acetabulum?
(lack of blood supply can cause necrosis)

Question 9

What are the three ligaments surrounding the hip joint?

Answer 9

iliofemoral ligament
pubofemoral ligament
ischiofemoral ligament

Question 10

Anterior hip muscles

Question 11

Posterior hip muscles

Question 12

What muscles are involved in hip flexion?

Question 13

What muscles are involved in hip extension?

Question 14

What muscles are involved in hip abduction?

Question 15

What muscles are involved in hip adduction?

Question 16

What muscles are involved in lateral rotation?

Question 17

What muscles are involved in medial rotation?

Question 18

Iliopsoas muscle

Answer 18

-Psoas major
-Iliacus
-flexes the thigh at the hip joint when the trunk is stabilized at erect position
-flexes the trunk against gravity when the body is supine

Question 19

Tensor Fascia Latae muscle

Answer 19

origin: anterior superior iliac spine
insertion: iliotibial band
action: abducts and help stabilize and steady the hip and knee joints by putting tension on the iliotibial band of fascia
innervation: superior gluteal nerve

Question 20

Sartorius muscle

Answer 20

origin: anterior superior iliac spine
insertion: superior aspect of the medial surface of the tibial shaft near the tibial tuberosity
action: flexes and laterally rotates the hip joint and flexes the knee
innervation: femoral nerve
assists for hip flexion, abduction and lateral rotation

Question 21

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 21

origin: upper portion of ilium, the sacrum and coccyx
insertion: gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
action: principal extensor and lateral rotator of femur

Question 22

Gluteus Medius

Answer 22

origin: external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal line
insertion: greater trochanter of femur
action: abduction of femur, medially/internal rotation of femur, lateral rotation of femur, depression or pelvis

Question 23

Gluteus Minimus

Answer 23

origin: external surface of ilium between the anterior and inferior
insertion: greater trochanter of femur
action: abduction of femur, medial/internal rotation of femur, depression of pelvis

Question 24

Hamstrings

Answer 24

Muscles:
-biceps femoris: main hamstring muscle
-semimembranosus: lower inner hamstring muscle
-semitendinosus- upper inner hamstring muscle

Function:
-primary: open or extend hip joint by pulling femur posterior
-secondary: bend or flex the knee, rotate the lower leg

Question 25

Pelvic Floor

Answer 25

-muscles and other connective tissue at the floor of the pelvis that stretch in a hammock-like fashion from the anterior pubic bone to the coccyx and from on ischial tuberosity to the contralateral ischial tuberosity
-function: primary function is to provide control to release urine, feces, and flatus OR to delay emptying
-other functions inside: provide support for fetus during pregnancy in women, provide muscle control needed for sexual function in both men and women

Question 26

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

Answer 26

Can be tight or weak caused by:
-inactivity
-pregnancy/childbirth
-constipation
-being overweight
-persistent heaving lifting
-high impact exercise
-persistent chronic coughing
-aging
-surgery for bladder or bowel problems
-prostate cancer treatment (men)

Question 27

Functional implications

Answer 27

-poor bowel or bladder control
-constipation
-painful sex or erectile dysfunction
-urgency
-pelvic pain
-stress incontinence
-leaking
-rectal or bladder prolapse