kinetics

Question 1

Change in free energy

Answer 1

delta H

Question 2

activation energy

Answer 2

Ea

Question 3

y axis for boltzmann distribution curve

Answer 3

of particles

Question 4

x axis boltzmann distribution curve

Answer 4

kinetic energy (speed)

Question 5

threshold for having enough energy to react

Answer 5

activation energy

Question 6

influence of temperature on rate

Answer 6

Increase temp increase rate

Question 7

influence of concentration on rate

Answer 7

increase concentration increase rate

Question 8

general rate of reaction

Answer 8

also called avg rate, specific for given time interval, secant line (two points) written rate= -delta[A]/t (negative sign represents that A is disappearing)

Question 9

instantaneous rate

Answer 9

at specifically defined conditions, often initial rate, tangent line, instantaneous rate = -d[A]/dt when d=infantesimally small delta (change)

Question 10

units for first order k

Answer 10

t^-1

Question 11

units for second order k

Answer 11

m^-1t^-1

Question 12

units for third order k

Answer 12

m^-2t^-1

Question 13

how can we determine order of reaction

Answer 13

using units for k

Question 14

what is k

Answer 14

a proportionality constant (number with units) that relates rate to concentration

Question 15

order if concentration doubles and rate doubles

Answer 15

first order reaction

Question 16

zero order impact on rate

Answer 16

zero order does not impact rate

Question 17

half-life equation zero order rxn

Answer 17

[A]0/2k

Question 18

is half-life equation for zero order rxn dependent on initial concentration?

Answer 18

yes, [A]0/2k (includes [A]0)

Question 19

is half-life equation for first order rxn dependent on initial concentration?

Answer 19

no, ln2/k does not include [A]0

Question 20

is half-life equation for second order rxn dependent on initial concentration?

Answer 20

yes, 1/k[A]0 (includes [A]0)

Question 21

half-life equation first order rxn

Answer 21

ln2/K

Question 22

half-life equation second order rxn

Answer 22

1/k[A]0

Question 23

as rate constant (k) increases, half life

Answer 23

decreases (for any rxn order)

Question 24

for zero order rxn, increase initial concentration, half life

Answer 24

increases

Question 25

for second order rxn, increase initial concentration, half life

Answer 25

decreases

Question 26

for first order rxn, increase initial concentration, half life

Answer 26

does not change, independent

Question 27

integrated rate law zero order in form y=mx+b

Answer 27

[A]f= -kt+[A]0, slope= -k, y-int =[A]0

Question 28

integrated rate law first order in form y=mx+b

Answer 28

ln[A]f= -kt+ln[A]0, slope= -k, y-int= ln[A]0

Question 29

integrated rate law second order in form y=mx+b

Answer 29

1/[A]f= kt+1/[A]0, slope= +k, y-int= 1/[A]0

Question 30

zero order plot that leads to straight line graph

Answer 30

[A] vs t

Question 31

first order plot that leads to straight line graph

Answer 31

ln[A] vs t

Question 32

second order plot that leads to straight line graph

Answer 32

1/[A] vs t

Question 33

which rate law is represented by the experimental rate law

Answer 33

the first (slow) step

Question 34

as [R] decreases, forward reaction rate

Answer 34

decreases

Question 35

as [P] increases, reverse rate

Answer 35

increases

Question 36

k1/k-1 = [P]/[R]

Answer 36

Keq

Question 37

how to write rate law for system of elementary rxns for appearance of product

Answer 37

start with the step where F is made

Question 38

how to write rate law for system of elementary rxns for overall rxn

Answer 38

start with final step

Question 39

steady state approximation

Answer 39

assumes the rate of appearance of C= rate of dissapearance of C