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Biological Classification > Kingdom Fungi > Flashcards

Kingdom Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

mode of nutrition of fungi

A

heterotrophic

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2
Q

white spots seen on mustard leaves are due to

A

parasitic fungus

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3
Q

which unicellular fungus is used to make bread and beer

A

yeast

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4
Q

wheat rust is caused by

A

puccinia

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5
Q

example of a fungus used to make an antibiotic

A

penicillium

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6
Q

where do fungus prefer to grow? in what kinds of places?

A

warm and humid

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7
Q

are fungi filamentous

A

yes
except for yeast, it is unicellular

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8
Q

bodies of fungi consist of long, slender thread like structures called

A

hyphae

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9
Q

network of hyphae is known as

A

mycelium

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10
Q

what are coenocytic hyphae

A

continuous hyphae filled with multinucleated cytoplasm
aseptate

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11
Q

cell wall of fungi is composed of

A

chitin and polysaccharides

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12
Q

except for coenocytic hyphae, others have ______ or ________ in their hyphae

A

septae
cross walls

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13
Q

fungi which depend on living plants and animals are called

A

parasites

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14
Q

fungi can also live as symbionts - in association with
algae as _______
roots of higher plants are _______

A

lichens
mycorrhiza

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15
Q

all types of reproduction in fungi

A

vegetative means (fragmentation, fission, budding)
asexual means (spores)
sexual means (oospores, ascospores, basidiospores)

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16
Q

asexual reproduction in fungi is by spores called

A

conidia
sporangiospores
zoospores

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17
Q

various spores in fungi during sexual reproduction are produced in distinct structures called

A

fruiting bodies

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18
Q

three steps of sexual reproduction in fungi

A

plasmogamy
karyogamy
zygotic meiosis

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19
Q

what happens in plasmogamy

A

fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes

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20
Q

what happens in karyogamy

A

fusion of the two nuclei

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21
Q

meiosis is performed in zygote to produce what type of spores

A

haploid

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22
Q

in which fungi is there a dikaryophase

A

ascomycetes
basidiomycetes

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23
Q

what happens in dikaryophase

A

n + n state
dikaryon state
(two different nuclei in same cell)

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24
Q

fungi form fruiting bodies in which, which type of division occurs to form which type of spores

A

meiosis
haploid

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25
Q

basis of division of fungi kingdom into classes

A

morphology of mycelium
mode of spore formation
fruiting bodies

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26
Q

classes under fungi

A

phycomycetes
ascomycetes
basidiomycetes
deuteromycetes

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27
Q

habitat of phycomycetes

A

aquatic
decaying wood in moist and damp places
plants as obligate parasites

28
Q

what is an obligate parasite

A

which cannot survive without exploitation of host

29
Q

how is the mycelium of phycomycetes

A

aseptate, coenocytic

30
Q

how does asexual reproduction in phycomycetes take place

A

zoospores (motile)
aplanospores (non-motile)

31
Q

the zoospores and aplanospores formed in phycomycetes are endogenously produced in which type of fruiting body

A

sporangium

32
Q

how is a zygospore formed

A

fusion of two gametes

33
Q

gametes that are morphologically similar are called

A

isogamous gametes

34
Q

gametes that are not morphologically similar are called

A

anisogamous
oogamous

35
Q

examples of phycomycetes

A

mucor
rhizopus
albugo

36
Q

which fungi is a bread mould

A

rhizopus

37
Q

parasitic fungi on mustard

A

albugo

38
Q

which class of fungi is commonly known as sac-fungi

A

ascomycetes

39
Q

example of a multicellular and a unicellular ascomycete

A

penicillium
yeast (saccharomyces)

40
Q

when fungi grow on dung, they are known as

A

coprophilus

41
Q

mode of nutrition of ascomycetes

A

saprophytic
decomposers
parasitic
coprophilus

42
Q

how is the mycelium of ascomycetes

A

branched and septate

43
Q

asexual spores of ascomycetes are ___________ produced exogenously on the special mycelium called _____________

A

conidia
conidiophores

44
Q

conidia of ascomycetes on germination produce

A

mycelium

45
Q

sexual spores of ascomycetes are called ________ which are produced endogenously in sac-like ________

A

ascospores
asci

46
Q

asci of ascomycetes are arranged in different types of fruiting bodies called

A

ascocarps

47
Q

examples of ascomycetes

A

aspergillus
claviceps
neurospora
morels and truffles
penicillium
yeast

48
Q

which ascomycetes is used extensively in biochemical and genetic work

A

neurospora

49
Q

which ascomycetes are edible and are considered as delicacies

A

morels
truffles

50
Q

commonly known forms of basidiomycetes are

A

mushrooms
bracket fungi
puffballs

51
Q

habitat of basidiomycetes

A

soil
logs and tree stumps
plants as parasites

52
Q

examples of basidiomycetes which live on plants as parasites

A

rusts
smuts

53
Q

how is the mycelium of basidiomycetes

A

branched and septate

54
Q

what type of reproduction is common in basidiomycetes

A

vegetative reproduction by fragmentation

55
Q

how are the asexual spores of basidiomycetes

A

generally not found

56
Q

how is plasmogamy brought about in basidiomycetes when sex organs are absent

A

fusion of two vegetative / somatic cells of different strains / genotypes

57
Q

in basidiomycetes, after plasmogamy, what is the state of resultant structure that ultimately gives rise to basidium

A

dikaryotic

58
Q

after plasmogamy, karyogamy and meiosis take place in the basidium to exogenously produce

A

four basidiospores

59
Q

what are fruiting bodies of basidia called

A

basidiocarps

60
Q

examples of basidiomycetes

A

agaricus (mushroom)
ustilago (smut)
puccinia (rust)

61
Q

what are deuteromycetes commonly known as

A

imperfect fungi

62
Q

why are deuteromycetes commonly known as imperfect fungi

A

only asexual or vegetative phases of these fungi are known

63
Q

what was done when sexual (perfect) forms of deuteromycetes was discovered

A

often moved to ascomycetes and basidiomycetes

64
Q

deuteromycetes reproduce only by asexual spores known as

A

conidia

65
Q

how is the mycelium of deuteromycetes

A

branched and septate

66
Q

mode of nutrition of deuteromycetes

A

saprophytes
parasites
most of them are decomposers and help in mineral cycling

67
Q

examples of deuteromycetes

A

alternaria
colletotrichum
trichoderma

Biological Classification (6 decks)

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