Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NCLEX > Klimek Lectures > Flashcards

Klimek Lectures Flashcards

(94 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

pH

A

As the pH goes, so goes my patient, except K+

Alkalosis = excited = overventilated
Acidosis = shut down = underventilated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff’s

A

Vitamin B deficiency
Amnesia and confabulation
Any brain damage is permanent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Uppers/Downers

A

Caffeine, Cocaine, PCP/LSD, Methamphetamine, Adderall
Everything else

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

A mean old Mycin for a mean old infection
IV or IM, never PO (except with hepatic encephalopathy and pre-op bowel surgery)
Mycin = mice ears = ototoxicity
Ear is shaped like a kidney = also nephrotoxic (monitor creatinine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sublingual/IV/IM peak levels

A

Sub = 5-10 minutes after dissolved
IV = 15-30 minutes after drug is finished
IM = 30-60 minutes after injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

Same goes for beta blockers
Valium for the heart / depressant
A/AA/AAA
- Antihypertensive
- Anti Angina
- Anti Atrial Arrhythmic (A flutter + A fib)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

EKG words

A

QRS depolarization = ventricular
P wave = atrial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

SVT treatment

A

ABCD
Adenosine
Beta Blocker
Calcium channel blocker
Digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Asystole treatment

A

Epi then Amiodarone (asystole backwards)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chest tube bubbles

A

Water seal continuous = bad
Water seal intermittent = good
Suction chamber continuous = good
Suction chamber intermittent = bad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Congenital heart defects

A

TRouBLe
R-L shunting
Blue/cyanotic
All CHD start with T

Trouble or not, all patients will have
- Murmurs + echo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A

VarieD PictureS Of A RancH
Ventricular Defects
Pulmonary Stenosis
Overriding Aorta
Right Hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Insulin

A

R - Onset 1 hr, Peak 2 hr, Duration 4 hr
N - Onset 6 hr, Peak 8-10 hr, Duration 12 hr
Humalog/Lispro - Onset 15 min, Peak 30 min, Duration 3 hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Low glucose in type 1

A

Insulin shock
Can cause permanent brain damage
Drunk in shock
Treat w/ sugar/rapidly metabolized carb + protein/starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DKA

A

1# cause = acute upper respiratory infection in the last 10 days
S/S = DKA
- Dehydration
- Ketones, Kussmaul, High K+
- Acidosis, Acetone breath, Anorexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

HHNK

A

High glucose in type 2 = severe dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A1C

A

Normal = 6 -
Out of control = 8+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Lithium Levels

A

For mania
Therapeutic = .6 - 1.2
Toxic = 2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Digoxin

A

For A fib + CHF
Therapeutic = 1-2
Toxic = 2+
Get apical pulse before giving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Aminophylline

A

Bronchodilator
Therapeutic = 10-20
Toxic = 20+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

Wrong direction, right rate
GERD symptoms when supine after eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Acute dumping syndrome

A

Right direction, wrong rate
ADS
- Abdominal distress
- Drunk
- Shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

HH + ADS treatment

A

HOB = HH/high ADS/low
Fluids w/ meal = HH/high ADS/low
Carbs = HH/high ADS/low
Protein = HH/low ADS/high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Kalemias

A

Same as prefix, except HR + urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Calcemias
Opposite of prefix Hypocalcemia - Chvosteks sign = cheek tap - Trousseaus sign = BP cuff
26
Magnesemias
Opposite of prefix
27
Natremia
HypO = Overload (crackles, distended neck vein) HypEr = dEhydration
28
Electrolyte imbalance signs
Earliest sign = paresthesia Universal sign = Paresis
29
Thyroidism
= Metabolism
30
Hyperthyroidism
Graves disease (run yourself into the grave) Weight loss, diarrhea, heat intolerance, exophthalmos (bulging eyes), irritable, etc. Treatment = Radioactive iodine + PTU (puts thyroid under) + surgical removal (most common) PTU = immunosuppressant
31
Thyroidectomy
Total = needs lifelong hormone replacement + at risk for hypocalcemia Subtotal = at risk for thyroid storm Post op risks (12-48 hrs) Total = tetany Subtotal = storm
32
Thyroid storm
Medical emergency S/S - Stroke level high BP - Severe tachycardia - Extremely high fever (105+) - Delirious Treatment = get temp down and O2 up Will either come out of it on their own or die
33
Hypothyroidism
Hashimoto's disease S/S - Hypotension, bradycardia, weight gain, constipation, cold intolerance, dull+slow Treatment = thyroid replacement NEVER sedate these patients Clarify NPO orders (never hold thyroid meds)
34
Adrenal Cortex diseases
Start with A or C Addison's = Under secretion Cushings = Over secretion
35
Addison's
Hyperpigmented + terrible stress response (glucose + BP drop instead of rising) Treat w/ glucocorticoids (-sones) Add-A-Sone
36
Cushing's
Cushy=more/excess Moon face, hirsutism, gynecomastia (man boobs), buffalo hump, trunkal obesity + thin extremities, bruise easily, immunosuppressed, increased glucose, water and sodium retention, excrete K+ ** Same side effects for steroid use** Treatment = Cut it out (can lead to Addison's)
37
Droplet
Flu, meningitis, diphtheria, pertussis, mumps
38
Airborne
MMR, TB, Chicken pox (varicella), SARs
39
0-6 months
Best = musical mobile Next = large + soft
40
6-9 months
Best = Cover/uncover toy Next = Firm but large
41
9-12 months
Best = verbal toy
42
1-3 years
Best = push/pull toys Parallel play
43
Preschoolers
Cooperative play
44
Creatinine
Level D best indicator of kidney function .6-1.2
45
INR
Monitors coumadin levels Normal = 2-3 4+ = level C (bleeding risk) - Hold coumadin - Assess for bleeding - Prepare to give Vit K - Call dr
46
K+
Normal = 3.5-5 3.5- = level C - Assess heart - Prepare to give K+ - Call dr 5.4-5.9 = level C - Hold K+ - Assess heart - Prepare Kayexalate/D5W - Call dr 6+ = level D - Do all of the above at once
47
pH
Normal = 7.35-7.45 In the 6's = level D - Check vitals - Call dr
48
BUN
Normal = 10-20 Elevated = level B - Check for dehydration
49
Hgb
Normal = 12-18 8-11 = level B - Monitor for anemia or malnutrition 8- = level C - Assess for bleeding - Prepare for transfusion - Call dr
50
CO2
Normal = 35-45 In the 50's = level C - Assess RR - Do pursed lip breathing - If not resolved, call dr In the 60's = level D - Assess RR - pursed lip breathing (for anxiety) - Prepare to intubate + ventilate - Call RT then dr
51
Hct
Level B Normal = 36-54 (3xhgb)
52
PO2
Normal = 80-100 70-77 = level C = sign of respiratory insufficiency - Assess RR - Prepare O2 - If not resolved, call dr 60- = level D = sign of respiratory failure - Assess RR - Give O2 - Prepare to intubate +ventilate -Call RT then dr
53
BNP
Best indicator of CHF Normal = - 100 100+ = level B
54
Sodium
Normal = 135-145 Abnormal = level B UNLESS change in LOC, then level C
55
WBC
Normal = 5k - 11k - 5k = level C - Neutropenic precautions
56
ANC
Normal = 500 - 500 = level C - Neutropenic precautions
57
CD4
Normal = 200 -200 = AIDS = level C - Neutropenic precautions
58
Platelets
Normal = 150k - 400k -90k = level C - Assess for bleeding - Initiate bleeding precautions -40k = level D (can spontaneously bleed to death) - Same as above
59
RBCs
Normal = 4 - 6
60
Laminectomy
Removal of vertebral spinous processes
61
Pre-op laminectomy assessments
Cervical = diaphragm (breathing) + arms Thoracic = cough (abd muscles) + bowel sounds Lumbar = Bladder/urine output + legs
62
Laminectomy post-op
Rules - Do not dangle/sit on the side of the bed - Limit sitting to 20-30 minutes Complications - Cervical = pneumonia - Thoracic = pneumonia + paralytic ileus - Lumbar = urinary retention + problems w/ legs
63
Laminectomy d/c
Temporary (6 week) restrictions - Don't sit longer than 30 minutes - Lie flat + log roll - Don't lift more than 5 lbs - No driving Permanent restrictions - Never lift by bending at the waist - Never lift things above the head - No horse riding, off trail bike riding, jerky rollercoasters, etc.
64
Pregnancy weight gain
Ideal = week # - 9 Total = 25-31 lbs 1st trimester = 1 lb/month (3 lbs total) 2nd/3rd = 1 lb/ week
65
Pregnancy complications
Morning sickness - 1st trimester Urinary incontinence - 1st + 3rd trimester Dyspnea - 2nd + 3rd trimester Back pain - 2nd + 3rd trimester
66
Station (labor)
Presenting part to ischial spine (narrowest part baby has to pass through Negative = above Positive = below Engagement = at ischial spine = 0
67
Lie (labor)
Mom's spine + baby's spine Vertical lie = good l I Transverse lie = bad l--
68
Presentation (labor)
The part that enters the birth canal first - ROA + LOA = most likely answers
69
Stages of labor
Stage 1 = labor (includes all 3 phases of labor) Stage 2 = Delivery of baby Stage 3 = Delivery of placenta Stage 4 = Recovery (2 hours; to monitor bleeding)
70
Phases of labor
LATent (LAT = order) Active Transitional Active labor Dilated 5-7 cm Contraction frequency = 3-5 min Contraction duration = 30-60 seconds Intensity = moderate (less = latent; more = transition
71
Postpartum
2 hours after delivery of placenta
72
Contractions
Should not be longer than 90 seconds or closer than every 2 min If they are, TROUBLE
73
Prolapsed cord
Cord is presenting part High priority Push head back in off cord Position knee to chest Prep for C-section
74
All labor complications
LION Pit Left side Increase IV Oxygen Notify provider Stop pitocin if in crisis
75
Delivery of placenta
Check umbilical for AVA 2 arteries 1 vein
76
Tocolytics
Stop contractions Terbutaline (can't give w/ cardiac disease) Nifedipine (can give w/ cardiac disease)
77
Oxytocics
Stimulate labor Oxytocin + cervidil (SE = uterine hyperstimulation)
78
Fetal lung development
Betamethasone
79
Birth complications for baby
Cephalohematoma = bleeding in the skull; does not cross the suture line Caput succedaneum = fluid in the skull; can cross the suture line
80
Rules for priorities
1 - Acute beats chronic 2 - Fresh post-op (<12 hrs) beats medical or other surgical patients 3 - Stable beats unstable 4 - The more vital the organ, the higher the priority
81
Organ priority
Brain - Lungs - Heart - Liver - Kidney - Pancreas
82
Black tag patients
Pulseless Breathless Fixed and dilated pupils
83
Psych drug SE's
ALL psych drugs cause - Hypotension - Weight changes Anticholinergic (dry mouth) Blurred vision + bladder retention Constipation Drowsiness EPS "F"otosensitivity aGranulocytosis
84
Phenothizines
Typical antipsychotics All end in -zine Large doses = antipsychotics Small doses = antiemetics SE's = A-G
85
Tricyclic Antidepressants
NSSRI's Mood elevators to treat depression SE's = A-E (Euphoria)
86
Benzodiazepines
Antianxiety meds/minor tranqs Pam or lam Cannot take for more than 6 weeks - 3 months SE's = A-D
87
MAOI's
Antidepressants SE's = A-D Avoid tyramine - Salad BAR (Banana, avocado, raisins + any dried fruits) - No organ meats or preserved meats - No aged cheese - No alcohol, caffeine, chocolate, licorice, soy sauce
88
Lithium
Treats mania SE's = Peeing (polyuria), Pooping (diarrhea), Paresthesia (tingling/numbness) Toxicity = Tremors, metallic taste, severe diarrhea, other neuro signs Only works when sodium is controlled
89
Prozac
SSRI SE's = A-D Causes insomnia = give before noon Causes SI when changing dose in adolescent or young adult
90
Haldol
Typical antipsychotic Tranq SE's = A-G Elderly patients may develop neuroleptic malignant syndrome
91
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Can look similar to EPS but will have high fever (104+) Is a medical emergency
92
Clozapine
Atypical antipsychotic Treats severe schizophrenia SE = G Can only be prescribed for 7 days (then get WBC drawn for 4 weeks, then 1/month for 6 months, then every 6 months
93
Zoloft
SSRI Antidepressant SE's = SAD Head Sweating Apprehensive Dizzy Headache Can interact w/ St. John's Wort (serotonin syndrome) + warfarin
94
Before changing an answer
Explain why new answer is superior to first pick. If you can't do this, don't change your answer

NCLEX (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions