Knee

Question 1

At what degree of flexion is the patella demonstrated on the patellar surface?

Answer 1

20 degrees

Question 2

At what degree of flexion is the patella demonstrated between the patellar surface and the intercondylar fossa?

Answer 2

30-70 degrees

Question 3

At what degree of flexion is the patella demonstrated within the intercondylar fossa?

Answer 3

90 degrees

Question 4

What is the positional error if the medial femoral condyle is larger and the tibia superimposes more than 1/2 of the fibular head?

Answer 4

External rotation

Question 5

What is the positional error if the lateral femoral condyle is larger and the tibia superimposed less than 1/2 of the fibular head?

Answer 5

Internal rotation

Question 6

What is patellar subluxation?

Answer 6

The patella may be situated more laterally than normal

Question 7

What tube angulation should be used for a patient thickness of 18cm or less?

Answer 7

5 degrees caudal

Question 8

What tube angulation should be used for a patient thickness of 19-24cm

Answer 8

Perpendicular (no angle)

Question 9

What tube angulation should be used for a patient thickness of 25cm or more?

Answer 9

5 degrees cephalad

Question 10

How do you identify if the cephalad angle was too great?

Answer 10

Fibular head is foreshortened and demonstrated more than .5” distal to plateau

Question 11

How do you identify if the causes angle was too great?

Answer 11

Fibular head will be elongated and demonstrated less than .5” distal to plateau

Question 12

What compartment of the knee is narrowed with a valgus deformity?

Answer 12

Lateral compartment

Question 13

What compartment of the knee is narrowed with a varus deformity?

Answer 13

Medial compartment

Question 14

How do you identify a properly positioned lateral knee?

Answer 14

•tibia superimposes 1/2 of fib head
•anterior and posterior margins of the medial and lateral femoral condyles are aligned
•open patella femoral joint space

Question 15

What degree of flexion is needed for a lateral knee?

Answer 15

10-15
20-30

?

Question 16

Where are the anterior and posterior suprapatellar fat pads located?

Answer 16

Anterior to the patellar surface of the distal femur

Question 17

What are the anterior and posterior suprapatellar fat pads seperated by?

Answer 17

Suprapatellar bursa

Question 18

Lateral knee
What is the positional error when the medial condyle (adductor tubercle) is posterior to lateral condyle, and the fibular head is superimposed on the tibia?

Answer 18

Internal rotation

Question 19

Lateral knee
What is the positional error when the medial condyle (adductor tubercle) is anterior to the lateral condyle and the fibular head is free of tibial superimposition?

Answer 19

External rotation

Question 20

Lateral knee
What degree of angulation should be used for a patient with a wide pelvis?

Answer 20

7 degrees cephalad

Question 21

Lateral knee
What degree of angulation should be used for a patient with an average pelvis?

Answer 21

5 degrees cephalad

Question 22

What projection was completed if the head, neck and shaft of the fibular are aligned with the anterior edge of the tibia and the medial femoral condyle is in profile?

Answer 22

AP oblique - external rotation

Question 23

What projection was completed if the lateral femoral condyle is in profile and the fibular head is seen free of superimposition?

Answer 23

AP oblique - internal rotation

Question 24

What is the positional error of a medial oblique knee if the tibia partially superimposed the fibular head?

Answer 24

Insufficient internal rotation

Question 25

What is the positional error of a medial oblique knee if there is excessive femoral condyle superimposition?

Answer 25

Excessive internal rotation

Question 26

What is the positional error of a lateral oblique knee if the fibular head is demonstrated without full tibial superimposition?

Answer 26

Insufficient external rotation

Question 27

What is the positional error of a lateral oblique knee where the fibular head is not aligned with the anterior edge of the tibia but seen posterior?

Answer 27

Excessive external rotation

Question 28

What tangential projection of the patella demonstrates the lateral femoral condyle slightly higher than the medial condyle?

Answer 28

Inferosuperior projection

Question 29

What tangential projection of the patella demonstrates the femoral condyles at equal height?

Answer 29

Settegast method

Question 30

What is the accurate amount of knee flexion for the tangential patella inferosuperior projection?

Answer 30

45 degrees

Question 31

What is the accurate amount of knee flexion for a tangential patella projection with the Settegast method?

Answer 31

90 degrees

Question 32

What is the positional error if the femoral condyles are equal height for the inferosuperior tangential patella?

Answer 32

Knee was flexed more than 45 degrees