Knee Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the relationship between stability and mobility in joints?
The more stability in a joint, the less mobility, and vice versa.
Where does the knee fall on the stability-mobility spectrum?
The knee is in the middle of stability and mobility, slightly more towards mobility.
How can you identify the front and back of the knee?
You can tell the front and back of the knee by the patella, which is in front.
What is the stability characteristic of bone?
Bone has poor stability.
Example: big on top of small.
What is the stability characteristic of ligaments?
Ligaments provide good stability, but once injured, they need to be replaced.
Example: car airbag, once it’s used, it can’t be used again.
What is the stability characteristic of muscles and tendons?
Muscles and tendons provide good stability with potential.
What is the largest bone in the body?
The femur is the largest bone in the body.
What are the two condyles of the femur?
The lateral condyle (left side) and medial condyle (right side).
Condyle is rounded out (convex).
What is the weight-bearing bone of the leg?
The tibia is the weight-bearing bone of the leg.
What is the tibial tuberosity?
The tibial tuberosity is located at the lower center of the tibia.
What is the role of the fibula?
The fibula is the lateral bone, non-weight bearing, with minimal relevance and minimal issues.
What is the function of the patella?
The patella, or knee cap, floats between the tibia and femur and is engulfed by the quad tendon.
What is a sesamoid bone?
A sesamoid bone is a floating bone not directly connected to another bone.
The patella is the largest sesamoid bone but not the only one.
What is the importance of the patella?
The patella is very important as it protects the knee and dislocates often, almost always laterally.
What does concave mean?
Concave means rounded in.
What does convex mean?
Convex means rounded out.
What is the Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)?
The LCL is one of the ligaments in the knee.
What is the Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)?
The MCL is a ligament that is more commonly injured.
What is the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)?
The ACL has a high risk of dislocation after injury, often due to hyperextension or deceleration, and is not usually a collision injury.
What is the Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)?
The PCL does not often require surgery unless you are an ice skater.
What are the three tests for the ACL?
- Anterior drawer test
- Lockman’s test
- Pivot shift test
The pivot shift test is the best but can be painful.
How can you identify ligaments?
Ligaments can be identified by the direction they go.
What is a valgus force?
A valgus force is when there is a hit on the lateral side but it hurts the medial side.
