knee

Question 0

ACL tibial insertion?

Answer 0

between intercondylar eminences

Question 1

ACL femoral attachment?

Answer 1

posteroMEDIAL ASPECT of LATERAL CONDYLE

Question 2

TWO BUNDLES of ACL? (clue: named based on tibial insertion)

Answer 2

anteromedial and posterolateral bundles

Question 3

ACL bundle tight in FLEXION, ANTERIOR restraint, tested with lachman/ANTERIOR drawer?

Answer 3

ANTEROMEDIAL bundle

Question 4

ACL bundle tight in EXTENSION, a ROTATORY restraint, tested with pivot shift?

Answer 4

POSTEROLATERAL bundle

Question 5

blood supply of cruciate ligaments?

Answer 5

middle geniculate artery, fat pad

Question 6

PCL femoral attachment?

Answer 6

anteroLATERAL ASPECT of MEDIAL CONDYLE

Question 7

PCL tibial insertion?

Answer 7

tibial sulcus BELOW ARTICULAR SURFACE

Question 8

TWO BUNDLES of PCL?

Answer 8

anterolateral and posteromedial

Question 9

MCL biomechanics?

Answer 9

anterior fibers tight @ <90degrees

posterior fibers tight @ 180degrees

Question 10

most anterior structure on proximal fibula?

Answer 10

LCL

Question 11

LCL biomechanics?

Answer 11

tight in extension, lax in flexion

Question 12

posteroMEDIAL corner function?

Answer 12

ROTARY stability

Question 13

posteroLATERAL corner function?

Answer 13

primary stabilizer of EXTERNAL TIBIAL ROTATION

Question 14

vascularized parts of menisci?

Answer 14

peripheral 20-30% MEDIAL meniscus

peripheral 10-25% LATERAL meniscus

Question 15

blood supply of menisci?

Answer 15

medial and lateral genicular arteries

Question 16

shapes of menisci?

Answer 16

medial:C-shaped, lateral:circular

Question 17

function of menisci?

Answer 17

1) deepen articular surfaces
2) stability
3) lubrication
4) nutrition

Question 18

attachment between menisci?

Answer 18

transverse (intermeniscal) ligament

Question 19

peripheral attachment of menisci?

Answer 19

coronary ligaments

Question 20

MORE MOBILE meniscus?

Answer 20

LATERAL meniscus (fewer attachments - 2x more mobile)

Question 21

more commonly torn meniscus?

Answer 21

MEDIAL meniscus ~3x more

Question 22

more commonly torn meniscus WITH ACL tear?

Answer 22

LATERAL meniscus

Question 23

meniscal tears with highest healing potential?

Answer 23

tears in PERIPHERAL 3RD of meniscus

Question 27

"screw home mechanism"?

Answer 27

medial tibial plateau rotates externally in full extension

Question 28

function of medial patellofemoral ligament?

Answer 28

>50% restraint to lateral subluxation

Question 29

stronger graft: patellar tendon vs quadrupled hamstring?

Answer 29

quadrupled hamstring BUT dependent on graft fixation

Question 30

history of pain after SITTING/CLIMBING?

Answer 30

PATELLOFEMORAL injury

Question 31

history of LOCKING/SQUATTING pain?

Answer 31

MENISCAL tear

Question 32

history of NONCONTACT injury with 'POPPING'?

Answer 32

ACL tear or patellar dislocation

Question 33

history of ACUTE SWELLING?

Answer 33

ACL or meniscal tear

Question 34

history of hyperextension, varus angulation, tibial external rotation?

Answer 34

POSTEROLATERAL CORNER injury

Question 35

SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE of knee laxity?

Answer 35

>3MM between left and right knees

Question 36

MOST SENSITIVE imaging view for EARLY ARTHROSIS?

Answer 36

WEIGHT-BEARING 45-degree POSTEROANTERIOR view

Question 37

significance of joint line tenderness?

Answer 37

meniscal tear

Question 38

components of Q-angle?

Answer 38

ASIS-patella-tibial tubercle

Question 39

indication of partial meniscectomy?

Answer 39

complex, degenerative, central/radial tears

Question 40

indication of meniscal repair?

Answer 40

peripheral longitudinal tears, young patients

Question 41

gold standard of meniscal repair?

Answer 41

vertical mattress sutures

Question 42

associated with chronic ACL deficiency?

Answer 42

higher incidence of complex meniscal tears

Question 43

graft of choice for early return to sports activity?

Answer 43

bone-patella-tendon-bone autograft (faster incorporation)

Question 44

disadvantage of BPTB autograft?

Answer 44

higher incidence of arthritis 5-7yrs after reconstruction

Question 45

why is primary ACL repair NOT recommended?

Answer 45

myofibroblasts coat end of ACL stumps, making healing impossible

Question 46

STANDARD IMAGING for evaluation and grading of PCL injuries?

Answer 46

STRESS RADIOGRAPHS | MRI only confirmatory

Question 47

rehab focus for ACL/PCL injuries?

Answer 47

ACL:hamstrings, PCL:quadriceps

Question 48

J sign?

Answer 48

lateral deviation of patella in extension

Question 49

most sensitive test for ACL injury?

Answer 49

LACHMAN (pull tibia @ 30deg flexion)

Question 50

how arthrocentesis/intraarticular knee injection is done?

Answer 50

extended knee, lateral entry point @ mid-upper patella