Knee and Below Quiz questions

Question 1

In closed chain (femoral-on-tibial) flexion:

Answer 1

the femur rolls posteriorly and slide anteriorly.

Question 2

Which nerve is posterior to the fibular head?

Answer 2

common fibular (peroneal)

Question 3

Coxa vara (the hip deformity) would predispose toward:

Answer 3

excessive genu valgum

Question 4

What attaches to the tibia at Gerdy’s tubercle?

Answer 4

iliotibial tract

Question 5

In a closed-chain femoral-on-tibial extension exercise (i.e., a squat), at what position do the quadriceps generate the most torque?

Answer 5

90 degrees of flexion

versus 45* or 0*

Question 6

For a given weight (e.g., the weight of the leg + 1 lb weight) in an open-chain tibial-on-femoral extension exercise, at what position do the quadriceps generate the most torque?

Answer 6

0 degrees of flexion

versus 45* or 90*

Question 7

In the last few degrees of knee extension when rising from a seated position to standing, to get to the fully locked position,

Answer 7

the femur rotates internally (medially) on the fixed tibia.

Question 8

The locking of the knee involves a/n ________rotation of the femur on a fixed tibia during the last few degrees of extension (as in rising from a seated position to standing).

Answer 8

internal (medial)

Question 9

Which meniscus is attached to a collateral ligament?

Answer 9

medial

Question 10

Which of the menisci is more “C” shaped (rather than O shaped)?

Answer 10

medial

Question 11

At which of the following angles of knee flexion is the patellofemoral joint compression force greatest?

Answer 11

85%
(or 65% is counted correct on the quiz)

(versus 45 or 0%)

Question 12

Which 3 muscles attach to the tibia at pes anserine on the medial aspect of the tibia?

Answer 12

Semitendinosus, Sartorius,
Gracilis

(NOT semimembranosus, biceps femoris long head)

Question 13

In what position is the knee considered to be “locked”?

Answer 13

Full extension

Question 14

The Q angle is measured as the angle between two lines:

Answer 14

a line from the anterior superior iliac spine to the midpoint of the patella, and a line from the midpoint of the patella to the tibial tuberosity

Question 15

What muscle group action stresses (stretches) the ACL?

Answer 15

Quadriceps

Question 16

While standing perform a maximal stretch of the rectus femoris. While holding the stretch, perform a full anterior pelvic tilt, then a full posterior pelvic tilt. Which increases the stretch of the rectus femoris - and why?

Answer 16

the posterior pelvic tilt - because it increases hip extension

Question 17

Which surface of the tibial plateaus is more oval?

Answer 17

Medial

Question 18

The unlocking of the knee involves an initial action of the ___________ muscle which rotates the femur ________on a fixed tibia during the first few degrees of flexion (beginning to sit from standing).

Answer 18

popliteus, lateral (external)

Question 19

Which nerve is in contact with the posterior aspect of the head and neck of the fibula, and therefore vulnerable to injury at that site?

Answer 19

common fibular nerve

Question 20

The lateral malleolus is:

Answer 20

inferior and posterior to the medial malleolus.

Question 21

Match each of the following compartments of the leg with its artery.
Anterior Crucal

Answer 21

Anterior Tibial Artery

Question 22

Match each of the following compartments of the leg with its artery.
Lateral Crural

Answer 22

Fibular (Peroneal) Artery

Question 23

Match each of the following compartments of the leg with its artery.
Posterior Crural

Answer 23

Posterior Tibial Artery

Question 24

Match each retinaculum at the ankle with the leg compartment containing the tendons it covers.
peroneal (fibular) retinaculum

Answer 24

Lateral Compartment

Question 25

Match each retinaculum at the ankle with the leg compartment containing the tendons it covers. flexor retinaculum

Answer 25

Posterior Compartment

Question 26

Match each retinaculum at the ankle with the leg compartment containing the tendons it covers. inferior extensor retinaculum

Answer 26

Anterior Compartment

Question 27

Which artery accompanies the tibial nerve in the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 27

Posterior Tibial Artery

Question 28

Match the muscles with their innervations | tibialis posterior

Answer 28

tibial N

Question 29

Match the muscles with their innervations | peroneus longus

Answer 29

superficial fibular (peroneal) N

Question 30

Match the muscles with their innervations | peroneus tertius

Answer 30

deep fibular (peroneal) N

Question 31

Match the muscles with their innervations | extensor digitorum longus

Answer 31

deep fibular (peroneal) N

Question 32

Match the muscles with their innervations | extensor hallucis longus

Answer 32

deep fibular (peroneal) N

Question 33

Match the muscles with their innervations | gastrocnemius

Answer 33

tibial N

Question 34

Match the muscles with their innervations | tibialis anterior

Answer 34

deep fibular (peroneal) N

Question 35

The calcaneal reflex is a test for which spinal cord segment/nerve?

Answer 35

S1

Question 36

Which of the following muscles attach to the styloid process of the 5th metatarsal?

Answer 36

fibularis brevis

Question 37

The proximal attachment of the tibialis posterior is the:

Answer 37

proximal 2/3 of posterior surface of the tibia and fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane

Question 38

Which muscle attaches to the posterior surface of the proximal tibia superior to the soleal line?

Answer 38

Popiteus

Question 39

The most commonly sprained ligament of the ankle is the:

Answer 39

ATFL (anterior talofibular ligament)

Question 40

Which of the following structures passes posterior to the medial malleolus?

Answer 40

posterior tibial artery, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior (NOT fibularis tertius, tibialis anterior)

Question 41

Match each of the following vessels with the nerve that accompanies it. posterior tibial artery

Answer 41

tibial nerve

Question 42

Match each of the following vessels with the nerve that accompanies it. anterior tibial artery

Answer 42

deep fibular nerve

Question 43

Match each of the following vessels with the nerve that accompanies it. great saphenous vein

Answer 43

saphenous nerve

Question 44

Match each of the following vessels with the nerve that accompanies it. lesser saphenous vein

Answer 44

sural nerve

Question 45

Which of the following muscles contribute to dorsiflexion at the ankle?

Answer 45

(tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius) (NOT tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus)

Question 46

Under what conditions does the soleus contribute to knee extension?

Answer 46

Closed chain - with foot on the ground

Question 47

Pronation of the weight-bearing subtalar joint is accompanied by what position of the calcaneus?

Answer 47

eversion (valgus)

Question 48

Supination of the weight-bearing subtalar joint is accompanied by what position of the calcaneus?

Answer 48

inversion (varus)

Question 49

The calcaneal tendon reflex is a test for which spinal nerve segment?

Answer 49

S1

Question 50

The muscles that control the amount of pronation of that occurs at the subtalar joint by eccentric activity include:

Answer 50

tibialis posterior, tibialis anterior | NOT soleus, peroneus brevis, peroneus longus

Question 51

The navicular bone is between the:

Answer 51

talus and cuneiform bones

Question 52

The plantar fascia:

Answer 52

~extends over the metatarsophalangeal joints ~attaches to the medial calcaneal tubercle ~pulls the foot into supination near terminal stance (NOT: attached to the sesamoid bones of the great toe)

Question 53

What ligament supports the head of the talus between the sustentaculum talus and the navicular?

Answer 53

Spring Ligament

Question 54

The subtalar joint is between the:

Answer 54

talus and calcaneus

Question 55

A patient is referred to you for pain over the lateral aspect of the distal part of the leg and ankle. She had previously had pain of the medial heel, and had been wearing an ankle-foot orthosis for that. That pain had subsided, but now the pain was on the lateral side of the foot. She has no loss of AROM nor strength when tested in sitting, but cannot bear weight on the foot without pain. She has an antalgic gait. These symptoms can be explained by damage to the:

Answer 55

sural nerve

Question 56

The sustentaculum tali is a bony feature of which bone?

Answer 56

calcaneus

Question 57

Pronation of the weight-bearing subtalar joint is accompanied by what movement of the tibia?

Answer 57

internal (medial)

Question 58

Supination of the weight-bearing subtalar joint is accompanied by what movement of the tibia?

Answer 58

external (lateral)

Question 59

Toe extension is primarily associated with which spinal nerve?

Answer 59

L5

Question 60

The transverse tarsal joint includes the:

Answer 60

talo-navicular joint. calcaneo-cuboid joint (NOT naviculo-cuboid joint, talo-calcaneal joint