Knee and popliteal fossa

Question 1

Type of joint

Answer 1

Hinge joint

Question 2

Movements

Answer 2

Flexion-extension

Question 3

Flexion muscles

Answer 3

Hamstrings

Gastrocnemius

Question 4

Extension muscles

Answer 4

Quadriceps muscles

Question 5

Menisci - what are they?

Answer 5

C shaped discs of fibrocartilage that act as shock absorbers

Question 6

Menisci - blood supply

Answer 6

Only at the periphery

Question 7

Which meniscus is more frequently torn - medial/lateral?

Answer 7

Medial

Question 8

What is the function of ACL and PCL

Answer 8

Stabilise the knee

Question 9

ACL function

Answer 9

Prevents anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur

Prevents hyperextension of the knee joint

Question 10

PCL function

Answer 10

Prevents posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur

Prevents hyperflexion of the knee joint

Question 11

MCL function

Answer 11

Resists valgus stress (prevents excessive knocked-knee)

Question 12

LCL function

Answer 12

Resists varus stress (prevents excessive bow legged)

Question 13

Function of the supra patellar bursa

Answer 13

Extension of the synovial cavity

Reduces friction on the quadriceps tendon during knee movements

Question 14

Popliteal fossa location

Answer 14

Posterior to the knee

Question 15

Contents of popliteal fossa

Answer 15

Tibial nerve 
Common fibular nerve 
Sural nerves 
Popliteal artery 
Small saphenous vein -> popliteal vein 
Popliteal lymph nodes

Question 16

Muscles of popliteal fossa

Answer 16

Plantaris

Popliteus

Question 17

What does the common fibular nerve wrap around?

Answer 17

Fibular neck

Question 18

What does the common fibular nerve divide into?

Answer 18

Superficial and deep fibular nerves

Question 19

What does the superficial fibular nerve supply?

Answer 19

Lateral compartment of leg and skin of dorsum of foot

Question 20

What does the deep fibular nerve supply?

Answer 20

Anterior compartment of the leg and the skin of the first interdigital cleft

Question 21

What is the popliteal artery a continuation of?

Answer 21

Femoral artery

Question 22

What does the popliteal artery divide into?

Answer 22

Anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Question 23

What does the anterior tibial artery supply?

Answer 23

Anterior compartment of leg

Question 24

What does the posterior tibial artery supply?

Answer 24

Posterior compartment of leg.

It terminates by dividing into medial and lateral plantar arteries