Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Orthopaedics > Knee Injuries > Flashcards

Knee Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Origin and insertion of ACL

A

Origin: lateral condyle of the femur
Insertion: intercondyloid eminence of the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Origin and insertion of PCL

A

Origin: posterior intercondylar area of the tibia
Insertion: medial condyle of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Origin and insertion of MCL

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of the femur
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Origin and insertion of LCL

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the femur
Insertion: head of fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Origin and insertion of LCL

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the femur
Insertion: head of fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Function of MCL

A

Stabilises the knee from valgus force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Function of LCL

A

Stabilises the knee from varus force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Function of ACL

A

Stabilises the knee from anterior translation (opposes anterior draw test)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Function of PCL

A

Stabilises the knee from posterior translation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What surface anatomy corresponds to the MCL and LCL?

A

medial joint line and lateral join line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Function of MCL

A

Stabilises the knee from valgus force (opposes valgus stress test)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of LCL

A

Stabilises the knee from varus force (opposes varus stress test)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function of ACL

A

Stabilises the knee from anterior translation (opposes anterior drawer test)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Function of PCL

A

Stabilises the knee from posterior translation (opposes posterior drawer test)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What surface anatomy corresponds to the MCL and LCL?

A

medial joint line and lateral join line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hx of injury of MCL tear?

A

(valgus force) lateral blow/momentum to the knee while in fixed position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sx of MCL tear?

A

Swelling, point tenderness over medial joint line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Px of MCL tear?

A

Positive valgus stress test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Dx of MCL tear?

A

a. Clinical - positive valgus stress test

b. MRI - most accurate test in Dx

20
Q

Rx of MCL tear?

A

Isolated injury can be treated with immobilization via hinged cast.
Multiple or severe injuries are treated with surgical repair

21
Q

Rx of MCL tear?

A

Isolated injury can be treated with immobilization via hinged cast.
Multiple or severe injuries are treated with surgical repair

22
Q

Hx of LCL tear?

A

Medial blow (Varus position) or momentum to the knee while in fixed position

23
Q

Sx of LCL tear?

A

Swelling, point tenderness over the lateral joint line

24
Q

Px of LCL tear?

A

Positive varus stress test

25
Q

Dx of LCL tear?

A

Clinical. Positive varus stress test. The most accurate test is in diagnosis is MRI

26
Q

Rx of MCL tear?

A

Isolate injury can be treated with immobilisation via hinged cast. Multiple or severe injuries are treated with surgical repair

27
Q

Hx of ACL tear?

A

Non-contact injury = sudden stopping or pivoting (so there is anterior momentum of the leg)
Contact injury = blow to posterior knee (so the leg moves forward)

28
Q

Sx of of ACL tear?

A

Swelling and pain of the knee

29
Q

Px of ACL tear?

A

Positive anterior drawer test

30
Q

Dx of ACL tear?

A

Anterior and posterior drawer test are not as sensitive therefore most accurate Dx is via MRI

31
Q

Rx of ACL tear?

A

Non-athletes may be treated with immobilisation. Athletes should be treated with surgical repair. The treatment depends on the degree of activity of pt

32
Q

Hx of PCL tear?

A

Direct blow to anterior knee

therefore pushes the lower leg backwards

33
Q

Sx of PCL tear?

A

Swelling and pain of the knee

34
Q

Px of PCL tear?

A

Positive posterior draw test

35
Q

Dx of PCL tear?

A

MRI

36
Q

Rx of PCL tear?

A

Same as ACL - non athletes is immobilisation, athletes is surgical

37
Q

Hx of meniscal tear?

A

Injury (often seen in sports) involving a sudden motion (any direction) associated with a POP or a CLICK experienced by a patient

38
Q

Sx of meniscal tear?

A

Pt able to walk after pain
Protracted pain of knee (pain will continue and will not get better with immobilisation)
Some swelling
Clicking and popping when walking

39
Q

Px of meniscal tear?

A

Positive McMurray test

40
Q

Dx of meniscal tear?

A

MRI

41
Q

Rx of meniscal tear?

A

Arthroscopic repair of the meniscus

42
Q

Hx of knee dislocation?

A

High energy trauma (at least three of the major ligaments completely torn, therefore the leg is free floating from the rest of the thigh at the knee)

  • not common
    e. g. MVA
43
Q

Sx of knee dislocation?

A

Pain, swelling: often a gross deformity will be present or reported by ED

44
Q

Px of knee dislocation?

A

Gross deformity may be present, there may be neurovascular compromise distal from the injury. The popliteal at high risk!
Assess pulses and ankle-brachial-index (systolic P at the ankles and dividing a systolic P at the arms)

45
Q

Dx of knee dislocation?

A

Clinical, XR should be performed after Rx

46
Q

Rx of knee dislocation?

A

Reduction; vascular consult for possible revascularisation

47
Q

If there is absent pulses of ABI

A

if absent pulses or ABI

Orthopaedics (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions