Knee Injuries

Question 1

What is the mechanism behind Patella tendinopathy?

Answer 1

Pattella tendon breaks down and doesnt repair in time for next use
pathology starts before pain is present
starts from excess springlike loading, changes in direction and jumping

Question 2

what are the symptoms of patella tendinopathy?

Answer 2

localised pain to the inferior poll of the patella and stays localised
pain when loading the tendon 24h after high load
stiffness that eases with exercise
common in young jumping men

Question 3

what are the treatments of Patella tendinopathy?

Answer 3

Heavy slow resistance
monitor work load tendons change stiffness in 2-3 weeks
reduce load but dont stop completely

massage, stretching has little effect although can be used in conjuction to improve mechanics

Question 4

what are the mechanisms behind meniscal injuries?

Answer 4

Injured when foot is planted then twisted
Stable tear to meniscal tissue gives some pain
Unstable tear flips around can catch and lock the knee

Question 5

What are the symptoms of meniscal injuries?

Answer 5

Catching locking pain
stiffness
swelling
giving way
cant fully squat

Question 6

What are the treatment for meniscal injuries?

Answer 6

Reduce swelling: massage deload and stretch
Strengthen surrounding muscles
meniscal tissue is dynamic so mantain load

Question 7

What are the mechanisms of LCL/MCL sprains?

Answer 7

tears to the ligament graded 1-3

Question 8

What are the syptoms of MCL/LCL sprains?

Answer 8

normally after an slipping/twisting incedent

pain and swelling surounding structure

Question 9

What are the treatments for Acute LCL/MCL pain?

Answer 9

Splint/brace
rest
pain releif
reduce swelling

Question 10

What are the treatments for sub-acute LCL/MCL sprains?

Answer 10

Increase active ROM
start with flexion extension exercises (quad contractions calf raises) progress to abduction and adduction

massage muscles that are overworking to stabilise

Question 11

What are the mechanisms behind Cruciate ligament pain?

Answer 11

Head of the tibia is forced too far forward or back

traumatic twisting or landing

Question 12

What are the syptoms of cruciate ligament injuries?

Answer 12

Feels like knee dislocation
ACL hema arthrosis (swelling in 0-15mins)
Acute onset from blow or landing

Question 13

what are the treatments of cruciate ligament injuries?

Answer 13

MRI surgery and referral
Strengthen weak muscles
regain ROM
Reduce swelling

Question 14

What are the mechanisms behind patellofemoral pain?

Answer 14

The patella puts pressure on the trochlea

The patella tracks the wrong way

Question 15

What are the symptoms of Patellofemoral pain?

Answer 15

Theatre sign
pain of front of knee
worse walking up/downhill

Question 16

What are the treatments for patellofemoral pain?

Answer 16

Non acute injury
work on tight/weak areas
hamstring/quad length
VMO activation
hamstring strength