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Ortho > Knee Joint > Flashcards

Knee Joint Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

objective exam parts

A 
observation 
movement analysis
ROM assessment
strength assess
flexibility 
neurological 
joint accessory motion 
special test
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2
Q

subjective exam parts

A

MOI
Differencial considerations
Signs and Symptoms

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3
Q

MOI

A

Mechanism of Injury

May not be very specific

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4
Q

differential considerations

A

medial management (surgery vs. conservative rehab)
age, sex, occupation
PMH

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5
Q

Signs and Symptoms

A

Location
SINS
Aggravating and Easing positions

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6
Q

Sings and Symptoms Parts

A
  1. Pain (severity location better/worse)
  2. Laxity (lig injury, carti injury, arthritis/m. weakness)
  3. Locking (menisal lesion/patellofemoral dysfunction)
  4. Effusion (TRUE lesion, Infection)
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7
Q

Observation/Posture

A

Knee stability and movement coordination impair

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8
Q

movement analysis

A

functional movement testing
gait assessment
WHAT MOTION BRINGS OUT PAIN

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9
Q

Knee ROM

A 
Tibiofemoral joint (TFJ)
Normal 135-140 flexion, 0 extension
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10
Q

Closed Pack Position

A

full extension and ER

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11
Q

Resting position

A

25-45 of flexion

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12
Q

strength assessment

A

quad, hamstring, hip, foot/ankle

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13
Q

prox stabilizers

A

glut max/med, TFL, adductors

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14
Q

prime movers

A

quads, hamstrings, popliteus

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15
Q

distal stabilizers

A

gastroc, soleus, posterior tibialis

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16
Q

flexibility assessment

A

important walking, lifting, stepping normally

ROM affected by flexibility (condition joint itself, muscle, CT around joint)

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17
Q

joint accessory testing

A

movement WITHIN joint and surrounding tissue that are necessary for full ROM–performed actively
osteokinematic motion
arthorkine motion

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18
Q

Pediatric Knee Conditions

A

Osteochondritis dissecans
osgood-schlatter
larsen-johansson

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19
Q

Traumatic injuries

A

fracture, lig injury, meniscal lesion, chondral injury

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20
Q

Complication of Fracture

A
  1. loss of knee movment
  2. non-union or failure of fracture to unite
  3. arthritis of knee joint
  4. infection
  5. deep vein thrombosis
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21
Q

Testing Fractures

A
  1. PROM
  2. Percussion
  3. Palpation
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22
Q

ACL Resists

A

Anterior tibial translation
flex/ext
frontal, axial motion

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23
Q

ACL antagonist

24
Q

Injury to ACL

Study These Flashcards
A

sudden stop of direction
twist or pivot
hyperextensive movement of knee

25
Sign and symptoms of ACL injury
1. Pop or Snap sound 2. Unstable in WB over knee 3. self-limiting activity 4. Loss of knee motion in WB 5. Knee feels like its falling apart/ giving way 6. IMMEDIATE LACK OF FUNCTION
26
PCL Resists
posterior tibial translation extension (ant lateral bundle) frontal, axial motion
27
PCL antagonist
hamstrings
28
PCL injury
1. primary passive external force 2. force applied to extended knee 3. extremem hyperextension movement of knee
29
PCL sing and symptoms
1. rarely audible sound at injury 2. moderate swell and stiff 3. resume activity after hurting it 4. decrease knee motion (extension limited)
30
MOI PCL
fall with weight to ANT part of knee with knee bent knee bend and foot plantar flexed hard blow to anterior lower leg with KNEE FLEXED Tenderness POP fossa posterior laxity to functional
31
ACL Special tests
Lachman's | anterior drawer test
32
lachman's test
best for ACL test on field + result will have mushy or empty end-feel - result (tibia is IR, femur not properly stabalized)
33
Anterior drawer
+ result increase anteiro tibial tranltion - only if acl torn, swelling or hamstring spasm false + result posterior sag sign present
34
Medial Collateral Lig
More common valgus or twisting force (foot in neutral/ER) HIGH risk for meniscus involvement
35
Lateral Collateral Lig
varus or twisting force unstable knee at risk less risk for meniscus injury RISK peroneal nerve involvement
36
MCL ROM
both fibers taut in full extension anterior fibers taut in flexion posterior fibers taut in mid range
37
Valgus Stress test
assess medial instability 0* (MCL super and deep, Post oblique lig, post med capsule) 30* (MCL superficial, post oblique lig, PCL, post med capsule)
38
LCL ROM
``` taut in extension loose flexion (especially after 30* of flexion) ```
39
Injury LCL
varus forces (ADDUCTED and tibia IR)
40
Varus Stress Test
assess lcl instability 0* (lol, pcl, arcuate complex, pcl/acl) 30* (lcl, post lat capsule, arcuate complex)
41
Meniscal movement
extension=anterior movement | flexion=posterior movement
42
meniscal lesions
increase medial due to valgus stress attach capsule and MCL Swelling in POP fossa secondary to injury within joint Baker's cyst
43
MOI meniscal
``` compression rotational force valgus force combination of forces degenerative changes (>30, Po PMHX) ```
44
Cartilage Clinical Presentation
``` history pain CATCHING giving way/buckling joint stiffness antalogic gait joint line pain effusion (baker cyst) clicking during rom pain with varus/valgus/squating test ```
45
Meniscal testing
IR Tibia=lateral meniscus ER=Medial meniscus McMurray Thessaly's
46
McMurray's
+ result from pop, clicking, locking of knee | pain/ reproduction of symptoms
47
proceedure mcmurray
1. flex knee 2. rotate tibia on femur 3. extend knee 4. click and compiant 5. repeat 6. detect flap from meniscal tear
48
Thessaly's Test
early detection of meniscal tear 1. parallel bend knee 2. rotate with support 3. return to center 4. repeat other side
49
Overuse syndrome patellofemoral pain
``` poor patellar tracking chondromalacia fatpad impingement patellar tendonitis and tendinosis pes anserinus endinitis/bursitis ITB syndrome ```
50
IRB syndrome
chornic irritation | weak gluteal musculature and genu valgrum
51
oseoarthritis
most common increase risk with activities that stress joints blood test can rule out other diagnosis
52
Imflammatory/Systemic Condition
``` Arthritis (osteo, rheumatoid, spetic) bursitis tendonitis synovitis osteomyelitis pseuedogout ```
53
knee locking
meniscal lesion
54
knee won't straighten
meniscal/lig
55
gives out going down
cruciate lig

Ortho (7 decks)

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