knee joint Flashcards
2 types of knee joint
tibiofemoral joint
patellofemoral joint
functions of the knee joint
Support body weight.
2. Transmit forces between femur and tibia. to aid stability
3. Provide movement for locomotion and activities to aid mobility
tibiofemoral joint
A synovial bicondylar joint
between:
1. Femoral condyles.
2. Tibial articular surfaces.
where are the femoral condyles located
Femoral condyles at distal
end of femur.
features of the femoral condyles
covered in cartilage can seen in inferior view
Lateral condyle’s articular profile is longer then the medial
features of the tibia condyles
Tibial condyles at proximal end.
can see the tibial articular surfaces in a superior view
the medial condyle is Larger & more oval.
the lateral condyle is Smaller and circular
what is menisci
Semi-lunar fibrocartilage discs
the medial meniscus is more semi circle where as the lateral covers a larger area and is closers to a circle
functions of the meniscus
↑ congruence between articular
surfaces.
2. Assist weight bearing across joint.
3. Shock absorbers.
4. Facilitate accessory movements.
what are the 4 major ligaments
Medial Collateral Ligament.
2. Lateral Collateral Ligament.
3. Anterior Cruciate Ligament.
4. Posterior Cruciate Ligament.
what is the Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
Broad flat band, 10cm long.
Extra-capsular.
what is the Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
Extra-capsular.
A strong cord.
what is the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
Intra-capsular.
From anterior intercondylar area of tibia to lateral femoral condyle.
what is the Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Intra-capsular.
From posterior intercondylar area of tibia to medial femoral condyle.
structure of the patellofemoral joint
Synovial saddle joint
between:
1. Articular surface of patella.
2. Patellar surface of femur.
what is the patella
Largest SESAMOID bone in body.
it is embedded in the tendon of the quadriceps
