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Knowledge Platform Flashcards

1
Q

What is the commonly-accepted explanation for how the first “Native Americans” arrived in North America?

A

The Beringia Land Bridge

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2
Q

Approximately how many different Native American nations existed before the arrival of Columbus, and in what basic characteristics did they each differ from one another?

A

150 Tribes which all had different language

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3
Q

What year did Cristobal Colón (a.k.a. Christopher Columbus) first arrive in the Western Hemisphere?

A

1492

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4
Q

What two European nations were the first to colonize the Americas, and which of these two was the first to colonize in North America?

A

Spain and Portugal were the first to colonize the Americas. Spain was the first of the two to colonize in North America

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5
Q

What is the difference between a “primary source” and a “secondary source”? If given an example of a source, could you identify it as one or the other if given the context in which it is being used?

A

Primary: first hand
Secondary: second hand account

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6
Q

Why is a “Pilgrim” a “Puritan” but a “Puritan” is not necessarily a “Pilgrim”?

A

Both are protestants. Puritans wanted to reform or purify their church. A pilgrim is someone who makes a journey for religious purposes. The pilgrims were Puritans who went to the Americas.

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7
Q

How did Puritans differ from Anglicans? How did Anglicans differ from Roman Catholics? What unites Catholics and Protestants (and therefore separates them from other religions)?

A

Puritans were Anglicans who wanted to “purify” the church. Anglicanism is a branch of Christianity that formed during the Protestant Reformation. The main difference between it and Roman Catholics is that it recognizes a different head. Catholics and Protestants are united because they are forms of Christianity.

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8
Q

What kind of “religious freedom” were the “Pilgrims” who settled Plymouth Colony seeking?

A

They did not want to seek persecution because of their beliefs.

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9
Q

In what order were the Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, New Amsterdam, and Jamestown colonies settled? In the first third of which century?

A

Jamestown, Plymouth, New Amsterdam, Massachusetts Bay

17th century

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10
Q

Which of the above four colonies was not English, and which nation founded it?

A

New Amsterdam was Dutch.

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11
Q

Which of the above colonies’ founding is associated with the U.S. holiday of Thanksgiving?

A

Plymouth

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12
Q

What agricultural product was instrumental in the survival and eventual prosperity of the Jamestown (Virginia) Colony?

A

tobacco

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13
Q

What was the Mayflower Compact and why is it considered significant in the development of democratic government?

A

The first agreement of self-government in America. The idea of self-government was then important to democratic governments.

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14
Q

What was the House of Burgesses and why is it considered significant in the development of representative government?

A

The first legislative assembly in the American colonies. Elected burgesses represented different plantations.

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15
Q

Which individual is associated with the quotations “No taxation without representation!” and “Give me liberty or give me death!”?

A

James Otis and Patrick Henry

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16
Q

What was the Stamp Act?

A

A tax on paper products on the colonists by the British

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17
Q

What happened at the “Boston Tea Party?”

A

People in defiance of the Tea Act destroyed an entire shipment of tea.

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18
Q

Why would it have made no sense for Paul Revere to have shouted “the British are coming!”?

A

He would not have referred to them as British because the colonists referred to themselves as British still.

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19
Q

Why are Lexington and Concord significant towns in U.S. history?

A

That was where the first battles of the Revolutionary War were.

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20
Q

In the context of the 1770s, what did the terms “patriot”, “loyalist”, and “tory” mean?

A

Patriots: colonists against the British

Loyalist/Tories were loyal to the British crown

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21
Q

In which document would you find the phrase “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal…”?

A

Declaration of Independence

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22
Q

Who made the “Louisiana Purchase”, what did it do to the size of the United States, and what role did Lewis and Clark play?

A

Thomas Jefferson
It doubled the size of the US
Lewis and Clark led the expedition exploring the new territory

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23
Q

Who were the first four presidents of the United States (in order)?

A

Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison

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24
Q

Where is the Erie Canal and why was its construction so important to the development of the United States?

A

It connected the Hudson River at Albany to Lake Erie at Buffalo.

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25
Q

What is the significance of Fort Sumter?

A

First battle of the American Civil War

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26
Q

What did the Southern states do (collectively) that ultimately resulted in civil war, and what is the correct way to spell this word?

A

They seceded from the union

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27
Q

Who was U.S. president during the entirety of the Civil War?

A

Lincoln

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28
Q

Who won the U.S. Civil War?

A

The North

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29
Q

What was “Reconstruction” and when did it occur?

A

Rebuilding the South after the civil war

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30
Q

What was a “Jim Crow law”?

A

Mandated the segregation of public schools, public places, and public transportation, and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants, and drinking fountains for whites and blacks.

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31
Q

suffrage

A

the right to vote in political elections

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32
Q

temperance

A

abstinence from alcoholic drink

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33
Q

nationalism

A

patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts

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34
Q

imperialism

A

a policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force

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35
Q

capitalism

A

an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state

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36
Q

socialism

A

a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole

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37
Q

communism

A

a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs

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38
Q

fascism

A

governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism

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39
Q

Destruction of National Bank / “Trail of Tears”

president

A

Andrew Jackson

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40
Q

“Trustbusting”; “Speak softly and carry a big stick” (president)

A

Teddy Roosevelt

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41
Q

“New Deal” (president)

A

FDR

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42
Q

“Ask not what your country can do for you…” (president)

A

JFK

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43
Q

The “Great Society” programs (president)

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

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44
Q

Watergate (president)

A

Richard Nixon

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45
Q

“Supply-side” economics / “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down that wall!” (president)

A

Reagan

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46
Q

Prior to the election of 2016, who were the last ten U.S. presidents (in order) and what political party did each belong to?

A

Barack Obama - Democrat

George Bush - Republican

Bill Clinton - Democrat

George Bush - Republican

Ronald Reagan - Republican

James Carter - Democrat

Gerald Ford - Republican

Richard Nixon - Republican

Lyndon B Johnson - Democrat

JFK - Democrat

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47
Q

Continental Congress approves Declaration of Independence (exact date)

A

July 4, 1776

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48
Q

U.S. Constitution adopted as “law of the land” (exact year)

A

1787

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49
Q

Civil War (start and end year)

A

1861 - 1865

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50
Q

Reconstruction era, including end of slavery & beginning of suffrage for African-Americans (approximate time period in relation to Civil War)

A

1865 - 1877 (the 20 years after civil war)

51
Q

“Progressive Era” (approximate decades)

A

1890 – 1920

52
Q

World War I (decade)

A

1910s

53
Q

Women get right to vote (year)

A

1920

54
Q

Great Depression (decade)

A

1930s

55
Q

World War II (decade)

A

early 1940s

56
Q

“Baby Boom” (decades)

A

1940s - 1960s

57
Q

Heyday of the modern Civil Rights Movement (decades)

A

1950s - 1960s

58
Q

Cold War (decades)

A

1950s - 1990s

59
Q

Height of U.S. involvement in Vietnam (decades)

A

1960s

60
Q

9/11 (year)

A

2001

61
Q

Inventions timeline

Railroad
Network television
Automobile
The World Wide Web 
Telephone
Space travel 
Network radio 
Telegraph 
Smart-phone
Transatlantic commercial air travel
Personal computer
A 
1830s/40s: Telegraph
1876: Telephone
1880s: Railroad(popularized)
1920s: Automobile 
1920s: Radio
1931: Commercial Air Travel
1950s: Network TV
End of the 1950s/start of 60s: Space Exploration
1975: Personal computer
1989: World Wide Web
1992: Smartphone
62
Q

US Allies WWI

A

Britain, Russia, France, Italy

63
Q

US Allies WWII

A

Britain, France, SovU

64
Q

US Allies Korean

A

South Korea, the UN(16 countries)

65
Q

US Allies Vietnam

A

South Vietnam, backed by SEATO nations(US, South Korea, Australia, Philippines, New Zealand, Thailand, Khmer Republic, Kingdom of Laos, Taiwan.)

66
Q

US Allies First Persian Gulf War

A

Britain, France, Germany, SovU, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt

67
Q

US Allies Afghanistan

A

Britain, Canada, Australia, Germany, France

68
Q

US Allies Iraq

A

UK, Australia, Spain, Poland

69
Q

Which war occurred during the Cold War?

A

Korean

70
Q

Which war occurred after 9/11?

A

Iraq

71
Q

Which was was the last to be officially declared by congress?

A

WWII

72
Q

Why was there a “Montgomery Bus Boycott”, when did it occur (approximately), whose actions precipitated it, and who eventually became the leader of the effort?

A

protest of segregated seating, inspired by Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr. became the leader

73
Q

What was a principal difference between Martin Luther King and Malcolm X in terms of their approach to civil rights?

A

Malcolm X was violence

74
Q

Face on the penny

A

Abraham Lincoln

75
Q

Face on the nickel

A

Thomas Jefferson

76
Q

Face on the dime

A

FDR

77
Q

Face on the quarter

A

George Washington

78
Q

Face on the $1

A

George Washington

79
Q

Face on the $2

A

Thomas Jefferson

80
Q

Face on the $5

A

Abraham Lincoln

81
Q

Face on the $10

A

Alexander Hamilton

82
Q

Face on the $20

A

Andrew Jackson

83
Q

Face on the $50

A

Ulysses S. Grant

84
Q

Face on the 100

A

Benjamin Franklin

85
Q

What is happening to prices when a nation’s economy experiences “inflation”? How about when it is in “recession?”

A

Inflation - prices raise

Recession - prices go down

86
Q

Why is April 15 a significant date in the American economy?

A

Tax day

87
Q

Which document begins with the words “We the People”?

A

The United States Constitution

88
Q

Which document guarantees freedom of religion, speech, press, and assembly in the U.S.?

A

The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

89
Q

How many branches of government does the U.S. government have? What is each branch called & what is its job? Why was the U.S. government set up with multiple branches?

A

3 Branches of Government: Judicial Branch, Legislative Branch, and Executive Branch

Legislative - Makes laws (Congress)
Executive - Carries out laws (President, Vice President, Cabinet)
Judicial - Evaluates laws (Supreme Court and other courts)

balance of power

90
Q

How many houses are there in Congress and what are they called? Why is the number of members in each house different?

A

There are two houses in Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives.

The seats in the House are apportioned based on state population according to the constitutionally mandated Census.

91
Q

What are (at least) two examples of “checks and balances” built into the U.S. Constitution?

A

Example 1: The Executive Branch can veto bills from the Legislative Branch, but the Legislative Branch can override the veto.

Example 2: The Supreme Court may declare a law passed by Congress unconstitutional. Because judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President, the power here is balanced between all three branches.

92
Q

According to the Constitution, who makes laws for the U.S., and who is responsible for enforcing them?

A

The Legislative Branch makes laws and The Executive Branch is responsible for enforcing them.

93
Q

What are the steps required for a bill to become law in the U.S.

A

STEP 1: The Creation of a Bill

STEP 2: Committee Action

STEP 3: Floor Action

STEP 4: Vote

STEP 5: Conference Committees

STEP 6: Presidential Action

STEP 7: The Creation of a Law

94
Q

Who chooses the president of the United States, according to the Constitution?

A

Electoral college

95
Q

Excepting those who live in Washington, D.C., what is the minimum number of governments under which each American lives (and what are they)?

A

3
Local government
State government
Federal government

96
Q

What is the basic principle of U.S. law—you are innocent until ______?

A

PROVEN GUILTY

97
Q

How many people are on a jury, and how many of them are required to find a defendant guilty of a crime?

A

12 people are on a jury. 6 must agree for someone to be guilty

98
Q

True or false? The Constitution requires that each American demonstrate allegiance to the flag by saying the “Pledge of Allegiance” daily and standing for the National Anthem when played.

A

True

99
Q

True or false? Public schools may not teach about religion and students may not pray in school.

A

True

100
Q

True or false? The President of the United States can suspend the rights of free speech, press, and assembly when the nation is at war.

A

True

101
Q

What are the two major political parties in the U.S.? Which one has the nickname “GOP”?

A

Democrat and Republican, GOP is for the republican party

102
Q

What is the voting age in the U.S., what must you do before you can vote, and when is election day held?

A

18, you can register online, or at your state or local election office
Election day is held the Tuesday following the first Monday in November. It can fall on or between November 2 and November 8.
You have to be a US citizen, be 18 on/before election day, meet your state’s requirements, and had to have registered to vote before the deadline.

103
Q

What is the purpose of a “primary” election?

A

Primaries select a candidate to represent the political party. State primary elections narrow the field of candidates to a single person to represent the political party during the general election.

104
Q

Under what circumstances are nouns capitalized? Can you identify when a word has been capitalized incorrectly? You’ll need to be able to do this.

A

Names, places(i.e Empire State Building), titles, start of a sentence

105
Q

True or false? The Constitution prevents the government from regulating private businesses.

A

False

106
Q

Telegraph

A

1830s

107
Q

Telephone

A

1876

108
Q

Railroad

A

1830s-60s

109
Q

Automobile

A

1920s

110
Q

Radio

A

1920s

111
Q

Commercial Air Travel

A

1930s

112
Q

Network TV

A

1950s

113
Q

Space Exploration

A

late 1950s early 1960s

114
Q

Personal Computer

A

1975

115
Q

World Wide Web

A

1989

116
Q

Smartphone

A

1992

117
Q

Creation of a Bill

A

House and Senate draft and introduce bills for consideration by congress

118
Q

Committee Action

A

Committee studies bill, edits and makes recommendation to pass, revise and release, or lay it aside

119
Q

Floor Action

A

Return bill to House/Senate to go over bill again

120
Q

Vote

A

House and Senate members vote on the bill

121
Q

Conference Committees

A

House and Senate negotiate and talk about bill and recommend a common version

122
Q

Presidential Action

A

President must approve and sign bill. Creates public law. May veto then it’ll return to Congress for reconsideration

123
Q

The Creation of a Law

A

Law is issued and codified

124
Q

13 Colonies

A

georgia, south carolina, north carolina, virginia, maryland, delaware, pennsylvania, new jersey, new york, connecticut, rhode island, massachusetts, new hampshire

History (1 decks)

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