KNR 353 - Quizzes Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
The inherent rate of the SA node is _____ bpm.
A
60-100
2
Q
The inherent rate of the AV junction is _____ bpm.
A
40-60
3
Q
The inherent rate of the ventricle is _____ bpm.
A
20-40
4
Q
The built-in rate of each of the three major areas of the conduction system is referred to as the _____ rate.
A
inherent
5
Q
What term is used to refer to the process of electrical discharge and the flow of electrical activity?
A
depolarization
6
Q
If polarizing is considered the ready state, then _____ would be considered the recovery state.
A
repolarization
7
Q
After leaving the area of the AV node, impulses go through the _____ to reach the right and left bundle branches.
A
Bundle of His
8
Q
Part of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is the _____ nerve.
A
vagus
9
Q
When stimulated, the _____ branch of the nervous system will increase heart rate, AV conduction, and irritability.
A
sympathetic
10
Q
Which cardiac cells are responsible for initiating and conducting pacemaker impulses?
A
electrical cells
11
Q
Which is the normal pacemaker of the heart?
A
SA node
12
Q
Which of the following is NOT a part of the normal cardiac conduction system?
A
coronary sinue
13
Q
What is the term for the fail-safe mechanism that allows a lower pacemaker to take over when a higher site fails?
A
escape
14
Q
Which of the following best explains the mechanism called irritability?
A
A lower pacemaker site speeds up to take control of the heart.
15
Q
What does not happen when the sympathetic branch is stimulated?
A
Ventricular conduction slows down.
16
Q
When an EKG machine is turned on but not yet connected to the patient, the stylus will produce a straight line called the _____ line.
A
isoelectric
17
Q
The EKG machine will produce an upright deflection on the graph paper if the flow of electricity is toward the _____ electrode.
A
Positive
18
Q
The horizontal lines on the EKG graph paper measure _____.
A
Voltage
19
Q
The vertical lines on the EKG graph paper measure _____.
A
time
20
Q
The distance between two “tic” marks is _____ sec.
A
3
21
Q
On EKG graph paper, the time between two heavy vertical lines is five small boxes, or _____ sec.
A
0.20
22
Q
On EKG graph paper, the distance in time between two light vertical lines, or across one small square, is _____ sec.
A
0.04
23
Q
A series of cardiac cycle makes up a(n):
A
EKG rhythm strip
24
Q
The deflections above and below the isoelectric lines are referred to as:
A
waves
25
The short period of electrical inactivity between the P wave and the start of the QRS complex is called the:
PR segment
26
The PR interval begins at the first sign of the P wave and ends at the first sign of the next deflection, which is called the:
QRS complex
27
The PR interval reflects all _____ activity.
atrial
27
No impulse can cause depolarization during the _____ refractory period.
absolute
28
Which of the following is NOT a normal QRS measurement
Anything above 0.12
29
A strong impulse can cause a premature abnormal discharge during the _____ refractory period.
relative
30
Which of the following best describes the elements of a single cardiac cycle?
P wave, PR segment, PR interval, QRS complex, and T wave
31
The heart's normal rhythm usually originates in the:
SA node
32
To find out if a rhythm is regular or irregular, measure the _____ across the entire strip.
R-R intervals
33
When a P wave originates in the SA node, it is expected to be smooth, rounded, and _____ in Lead II.
upright
34
The standard systematic approach to arrhythmia interpretation consists of all of the following EXCEPT:
refractory periods
35
The cardiac activity that takes place above the ventricles is referred to as _____ activity.
supraventricular
36
If a rhythm is regular, the MOST accurate way to calculate heart rate is to count the number of small squares between two R waves and divide the total into:
1500
37
P waves usually appear before:
QRS complexes
38
A major EKG finding that can help you distinguish between supraventricular and ventricular rhythms is the width of the:
QRS complex
39
A Normal Sinus Rhythm should have a QRS of less than _____ sec.
0.12
40
The QRS complex is indicative of ventricular _____ and thus should correspond to the patient's pulse.
depolarization
41
Which of the following is the LEAST accurate way to determine heart rate?
Count the number of QRS complexes in a 6-sec strip and multiply by 10
42
Which part of the conduction system has the slowest conduction speed, and is thus responsible for slowing down impulses until the heart is ready to receive them?
AV node
43
If a rhythm is IRREGULAR, the best way to determine rate is to:
count the number of QRS complexes in a 6-sec strip and multiply by 10
44
Which of the following best describes a "lost" P wave?
one that is obscured because it falls on other waves
45
The P waves are the first waves you should look for when analyzing a rhythm strip because:
they are usually very regular and thus easy to find
46
If a QRS complex measures less than 0.12 sec., you know that it did NOT originate in the:
ventricles
47
A rhythm that is "regularly irregular" would describe a rhythm that:
has a pattern to its irregularity
48
In Normal Sinus Rhythm, the heart rate is _____ bpm.
60-100
49
In Normal Sinus Rhythm, the PR interval must fall between _____ sec.
0.12-0.20
50
A Normal Sinus Rhythm has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
the R-R intervals vary
51
The rate for Sinus Bradycardia is _____ bpm.
less than 60
52
The term "tachycardia" means:
fast heart
53
The rate for Sinus Tachycardia is _____ bpm.
greater than 100
54
In Sinus Arrhythmia, the heart rate is usually _____ bpm.
60-100
55
In Sinus Arrhythmia, the rate changes with the patient's:
respirations
56
In Sinus Arrhythmia, the R-R intervals are
irregular
57
For Sinus Tachycardia, the QRS complex should be less than _____ sec.
0.12
58
For all rhythms that originate in the sinus node, you would expect that P wave in Lead II to be:
upright and uniform
59
For all rhythms that originate in the sinus node, you would expect all of the following EXCEPT:
inverted P waves following the QRS complexes
60
When a sinus rhythm has a QRS complex of 0.12 sec. or greater, you know that this is an abnormality and would note that it has:
a wide QRS
61
The presenting problem with Sinus Bradycardia is that"
the rate is too slow
62
The presenting problem with Sinus Tachycardia is that:
the rate is too fast
63
The presenting problem with Sinus Arrhythmia is that"
the rhythm is irregular
64
Atrial rhythms originate in the:
atrial pathways
65
Which of the following does NOT describe an atrial P wave?
it is uniformly rounded
66
An atrial arrhythmia that occurs when the pacemaker role switches from the SA node to the atria and back again is called:
wandering pacemaker
67
A single beat that arises from a focus outside of the SA node is called a(n):
ectopic beat
68
An early (premature) ectopic beat could be an indication of:
irritability
69
Atrial Tachycardia usually has a rate of _____ bpm.
150 - 250
70
It is very common for the P waves in Atrial Tachycardia to be:
hidden in the T wave
71
The rhythm in which the atrial waves are seen as a sawtooth pattern is called:
atrial flutter
72
In the rhythm called "atrial flutter," the atrial rate is usually in the range of _____ bpm.
250 - 350
73
The rhythm in which ALL atrial activity is depicted as chaotic undulations of the baseline is called:
Atrial FibrillationI
74
In Atrial Fibrillation, the rhythm is:
grossly irregular with no pattern
75
The QRS in Atrial Fibrillation should be _____ sec.
less than 0.12
76
The atrial rate in Atrial Fibrillation is _____ bpm.
greater than 350
77
Atrial Fibrillation has:
no discernible P waves
78
When you encounter a rhythm that is irregular with no mappable P waves, you should suspect:
Atrial Fibrillation
79
In Atrial Fibrillation, when the ventricular rate is over 100 bpm, it is said to be:
uncontrolled
80
A Premature Atrial Complex is:
a single ectopic beat
81
The QRS complex is all atrial rhythms is expected to be:
normal
82
The ventricular rate for PACs is defined as:
depends on underlying rhythm
83
In Wandering Pacemaker, the heart's pacemaker site shifts between:
SA node and atria
84
In a junctional rhythm, the pacemaking impulses originate in the:
AV junction
85
The mechanism in which the atria are depolarized with a backward flow of electricity is called _____ conduction.
retrograde
86
In Lead II, the junctional impulse that depolarizes the atria is traveling away from the positive electrode, thus producing a P wave that is:
inverted
87
A Premature Junctional Complex is a:
single ectopic beat
88
The rate for Junctional Escape Rhythm is _____ bpm.
40-60 bpm
89
In a Junctional Escape Rhythm, the QRS complex is _____ sec.
less than 0.12
90
The rate for Junctional Tachycardia is _____ bpm.
100-180 bpm
91
The rate for an Accelerated Junctional Rhythm is _____ bpm.
60-100 bpm
92
Which of the following is NOT true about Junctional Tachycardia?
it is irregular in a pattern of grouped beating
93
In junctional rhythms, the P wave will always be:
inverted
94
A basic rule of electricity is that current flowing toward a positive electrode (or away from a negative electrode) will produce a deflection that is:
upright
95
Which of the following is NOT true about the P wave in all junctional rhythms?
It is unrelated to the QRS
96
Which of the following terms DOES NOT apply to Premature Junctional Complex?
suppression
97
The normal inherent rate of the AV junction is:
40-60 bpm
98
Which of the following arrhythmias is NOT in the category called Supraventricular Tachycardia?
Accelerated Junctional Rhythm
99
When a rhythm is regular, with narrow QRS complexes, but firing at a rate so fast that you can't distinguish the P waves to identify it more accurately, you can call the rhythm:
supraventricular tachycardia
100
A Premature Ventricular Contraction is a(n):
single irritable beat
101
A compensatory pause is a(n):
delay following a PVC
102
Unifocal PVCs:
look like each other
103
Multifocal PVCs:
they arise from multiple foci, they indicate increased irritability, they have a variety of configurations
104
Two PVCs attached together are referred to as:
a couplet
105
PVCs falling in a pattern of every other beat are referred to as:
bigeminy
106
When PVCs appear in a pattern where every third beat is a PVC, the pattern is called:
trigeminy
107
The heart rate for Ventricular Tachycardia is _____ bpm.
150-250 bpm
108
The QRS complexes in Ventricular Fibrillation are:
not measurable
109
The term "agonal" is used to describe a:
lethal arrhythmia
110
The rate for an Idioventricular Rhythm is _____ bpm.
20-40 bpm
111
The rhythm that is the result of the total absence of cardiac electrical activity is referred to as:
asystole
112
A basic rule for ventricular arrhythmias is that the QRS will be:
0.12 sec or greater
113
Ventricular Tachycardia that has a rate below 150 is identified as?
Slow Ventricular Tachycardia
114
The PR interval in Ventricular Tachycardia is:
not measured
115
Ventricular Tachycardia is caused by
an irritable focus within the ventricles
116
Which of the following is NOT true about Ventricular Tachycardia?
it has a constant PRI
117
When an ectopic falls during the vulnerable phase of the cardiac cycle, it is called:
R on T phenomenon
118
Which of the following types of PVCs is NOT considered a particular warning for increased myocardial irritability?
interpolation
119
Idioventricular Rhythm can be described as all of the following EXCEPT:
an irritable rhythm
120
Which of the following is NOT caused by irritability?
Idioventricular Rhythm
121
Which of the following is a feature of Asystole?
no measurable waves or complexes
122
Which of the following is NOT a lethal arrhythmia?
Premature Ventricular Complexes
123
Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of a Premature Ventricular Complex?
preceded by an upward P wave
124
Which of the following is NOT a sign of myocardial irritability?
Asystole
125
Which of the following is the premier diagnostic feature of Ventricular Fibrillation?
no measurable waves or complexes
