Kongolese - Dutch Relations

Question 1

Context of Netherlands - Kongo relations

Answer 1

• Partly controlled by Spain since 1433
• Found freedom from Spain completely in 1714
• Protestant
• Interested in building uys trade routes beyond Europe

Question 2

1610 onwards (Dutch relations)

Answer 2

• Manikongos sought an alliance with the Dutch through sending letters to the Dutch republic

Question 3

1623- (Dutch relations)

Answer 3

• The Dutch agree to a joint land-sea invasion of Luanda
• Sent a fleet to seize both Luanda and the Portugese colonies of Brazil, but by the time the fleet got to Kongo, Pedro II had died and his successor Garcia I (who was a stricter Catholic) was more sympathetic to the Portugese and sent them away.

Question 4

1641 (Dutch relations)

Answer 4

• Dutch seize Luanda and São Tomé from the Portugese and attempted to demolish slave trade in the area and protect the Kongolese-São Tomé.

Question 5

1641-61 (Dutch relations)

Answer 5

• Kongolese sided with the Dutch under their new Manikongo Garcia II

Question 6

1648 (Dutch relations)

Answer 6

• A Portugese army sent from Brazil defeated the Dutch - Kongolese forces
• After this the Dutch lost their claims to land in the area (including Luanda) and Kongo could no longer rely on them for support,