KORE 2310 Goryeo Dynasty Flashcards
(46 cards)
What are the Three Kingdoms of Korea?
- Koguryeo
- Paekje
- Silla
The Three Kingdoms period lasted from BC 1C to AD 7C.
When was the Goryeo Dynasty established?
918
Goryeo lasted until 1392.
Who established the Goryeo Dynasty?
Wang Kon
Wang Kon ruled from 918 to 943.
What policy did Wang Kon implement regarding the Khitan?
Northern advancement policy
This policy aimed to recover lost territories from Koguryeo and Palhae.
What was the Kiin chedo system?
Hostage system
This system brought the sons of powerful clans to the capital for advice.
What was the Sasimgwan system in Goryeo?
Appointed central government officials as local administrators
This system was used to regulate the countryside.
What was the main capital of Goryeo?
Songak (Kaegyung)
Kaegyung is present-day Kaesung.
What was the significance of the Lotus Lantern Festival?
To praise Buddha and pray for peace and prosperity
The festival originated from Silla and was held annually.
What reforms did King Kwangjong initiate?
- Strengthened king’s authority
- Freed slaves of powerful clans
- Implemented state examination system
Kwangjong ruled from 949 to 975.
What was the Kukjakam in Goryeo?
National higher education
It later became known as Thahak.
What was the class structure in Goryeo compared to Silla?
Much more open
Goryeo allowed opportunities for public office to all civilians except slaves.
What was Goryeo’s relationship with the Sung Dynasty?
Pro-Sung policy
Goryeo became a tributary state of Sung in 963.
Who defeated the Khitan during their invasion?
General Kang Kam-chan
This led to diplomatic relations with Goryeo.
What cultural exchanges occurred between Goryeo and the Sung Dynasty?
- Sea trade
- Exported raw goods
- Influences on woodblock printing and ceramics
Goryeo exported gold, silver, and ginseng while importing silk and porcelain.
What led to Goryeo’s political dispute with the Jurchen?
Demand to become a vassal state
This caused internal conflict between factions in Goryeo.
Who was Myochung?
An anti-Confucian Buddhist monk
He opposed the authority of aristocrats and suggested moving the capital.
What was the outcome of Myochung’s rebellion?
Confucian authority continued
Military officials later seized power after his rebellion.
What was the result of the coup against civil officials?
Choe family regime took command
This regime lasted from 1196 to 1258.
When did the Mongols invade Goryeo?
1231
Goryeo moved its capital to Kanghwa Island during this time.
What was the result of King Kongmin’s policies?
Restored royal authority and government system
He married a Yuan princess and opposed Mongolian influence.
What was the significance of King Wonjong in Goryeo’s history?
Negotiated peace with the Mongols
He became king after returning from negotiations.
What were 공민’s anti-Yuan policies?
Abolished Mongolian-styled clothing and pigtails, restored government system and royal authority, recaptured the Yenghung region
Collaborated with Yi Cha-chun, father of Yi Sung-gye, the founder of Chosun.
Who was appointed by King Kongmin to initiate bold reforms?
Sin Ton
A Buddhist monk who aimed for land reformation.
What contributed to the failure of Sin Ton’s reforms?
Opposition from conservative factions and charges of treason.
