Korean Grammar TOPIK I

Question 1

location+에 (ex: 집에)

Answer 1

location marker (to, at, in)

Question 2

location+에서 (ex: 집에서)

Answer 2

location marker (where action is taking place)

Question 3

location+으로 (ex: 집으로)

Answer 3

towards, indicating direction

Question 4

name + 씨 와 + name (ex: 민수 씨와 지영)

Answer 4

name with name

Question 5

number+개 (ex: 세 개)

Answer 5

number of things, objects

Question 6

noun+과/와 (ex: 책과/친구와)

Answer 6

and, with (사과와 바나나)

Question 7

noun+보다 (ex: 어제보다)

Answer 7

more/less than, compared to (영화가 책보다 재미있어요, the movie is MORE interesting THAN the book)

Question 8

noun+아/어/여서 (ex: 예뻐서)

Answer 8

because, so (used to emphasize something, 너무 예뻐서 좋아해요, I like it BECAUSE it’s pretty)

Question 9

noun+에 (ex: 회사에)

Answer 9

for, indicating purpose or beneficiary, target (usually for objects)

Question 10

noun+으로/로 (ex: 버스로/연필로)

Answer 10

because of, by means of (indicating reason for something, method or choice, or means to do something, 버스로 갔어요, I go BY bus)

Question 11

noun+은/는 (ex: 책은)

Answer 11

topic marker (what/who is the main focus?)

Question 12

noun+을/를 (ex: 사과를)

Answer 12

object marker (what?)

Question 13

noun+의 (ex: 친구의)

Answer 13

indication possession (‘ in English, teacher’s bag)

Question 14

noun+이/가 (ex: 고양이가)

Answer 14

subject marker (what is?)

Question 15

noun+이나 (ex: 사과나)

Answer 15

or, as in alternative or choice between things

Question 16

noun+이랑/랑 (ex: 친구랑)

Answer 16

and, with (connecting nouns, more informal)

Question 17

noun+인데 (ex: 바쁜데)

Answer 17

since, but, though, provides context

Question 18

number+개월 (ex: 두 개월)

Answer 18

number of months

Question 19

number+대 (ex: 세 대)

Answer 19

number of vehicles, large thing

Question 20

number+마리 (ex: 두 마리)

Answer 20

number of animals

Question 21

number+번 (ex: 세 번)

Answer 21

number of times

Question 22

number+병 (ex: 한 병)

Answer 22

number of bottles

Question 23

number+푼 (ex: 십 푼)

Answer 23

number of points, parts

Question 24

time+에 (ex: 5시에)

Answer 24

indicates time when action takes place (3시에 만나요)

Question 25

verb+ㄹ (ex: 읽을)

Answer 25

indicating future/potential state of action (바쁘다 -> 바쁠)

Question 26

verb+거나 (ex: 보거나)

Answer 26

or, as in choice between two actions

Question 27

verb+게 (ex: 부드럽게)

Answer 27

adverb form of verb (ly as in quickly)

Question 28

verb+고 있다 (ex: 공부하고 있어요)

Answer 28

ongoing action (ing as in doing, going)

Question 29

verb+기 (ex: 읽기)

Answer 29

verb as noun (ing as in walking)

Question 30

verb+러 (ex: 보러)

Answer 30

to, indicating purpose (I go TO learn, 배우러 가요)

Question 31

verb+면 (ex: 마시면)

Answer 31

if/when, conditional form (if "X" drinks, if it rains, 술 마시면 취해요)

Question 32

verb+수 있다/없다/있는 (ex: 풀 수 있어요)

Answer 32

able to, possible to do, can, cannot (할 수 있어요, I CAN do it)

Question 33

verb+아/어야 하다 (ex: 일어나야)

Answer 33

to have, to must (do something)

Question 34

verb+아요/어요 (ex: 읽어요)

Answer 34

present tense (polite)

Question 35

verb+았어요/었어요 (ex: 봤어요)

Answer 35

past tense (polite form, went, ate)

Question 36

verb+은/ㄴ (ex: 읽은)

Answer 36

adjective form of verb (painted, eaten, written, drawn, 그린, 본, 먹은)

Question 37

verb+을/ㄹ 거예요 (ex: 볼 거예요)

Answer 37

future tense (polite, will do, will go)

Question 38

verb+지 않다 (ex: 하지 않아요)

Answer 38

negative future tense (will not do)

Question 39

word+도 (ex: 나도)

Answer 39

also, too (I do too, I also do)

Question 40

word+만 (ex: 이것만)

Answer 40

expressing only/just (I ONLY eat apples, 사과만 먹어요)

Question 41

word+을/를 위해 (ex: 친구를 위해)

Answer 41

for the purpose of a goal or action (건강을 위해 운동해요, I exercise FOR my health)

Question 42

word+지만 (ex: 좋아하지만)

Answer 42

expressing contrast, opposites, noun or verb + but, however (배고프지만, I'm hungry BUT, 사람이지만, is a person BUT)

Question 43

person/animal+에게/한테 (ex: 친구에게)

Answer 43

direction/action particle (give to, hand to, do to the person/animal)

Question 44

word+하고 (ex: 책하고)

Answer 44

and, with, can be repeated, can be generally used for items and verbs as well

Question 45

더 (ex: 책이 더 좋아요)

Answer 45

something being more, further (er in English)

Question 46

못+verb (ex: 못 봤어요)

Answer 46

unable to act (can't go)

Question 47

신+noun (ex: 신제품을)

Answer 47

new something

Question 48

안+word (ex: 안 가고 싶어요)

Answer 48

negating something or action

Question 49

number+째 (ex: 두 번째 or 둘째)

Answer 49

nd for numbers, used for ranking

Question 50

verb+면 좋겠다 (ex: 비가 안 오면 좋겠어요)

Answer 50

I hope or It would be nice if

Question 51

verb+지 (ex: 계획을 세우지 않았어요.)

Answer 51

negative present action, something isn't being done

Question 52

verb+니까 (ex: 배고프니까 밥을 먹을 거예요.)

Answer 52

because, since, indicating reason for doing something (casual)