L- CPD & Gaps in knowledge Flashcards
1
Q
What is the role of a monitoring surveyor?
A
Oversees the progress of the project, and approves the various stages of the project to allow the drawdown of funds
2
Q
What is the Golden Brick?
A
Golden Brick is a vehicle that enables an affordable and social housing provider to benefit from zero VAT rating of a new build development, incorporating the purchase cost of the land under this tax-free umbrella.
3
Q
What is a CAP?
A
RICS introduced & Government-endorsed procedure to help disagreements on projects settle out of court.
Involves 1 tor 3 professionals to be appointed by RICS to resolve disagreements by working with the parties and providing a CAP report setting out practical means of resolve.
Costs in line
<£20k - £1,500 fixed fee (max. 20hr)
£20k - £100k - £180/hr (max. 20hr)
£100k - £500k - £295/hr (max. 20hr)
Over £500k - £375/hr (max. 20hr)
+ nominal RICS panel fee of £100-£650.
4
Q
How is Golden Brick achieved? What part of the build is Golden Brick?
A
Delaying the completion of the land purchase until Golden Brick is reached. Golden brick is any construction above the foundation.
5
Q
What act was introduced in 2022? When was it effective from?
A
Building Safety Act 2022 (28 April 2022)
6
Q
What does the BSA 2022 mainly relate to?
A
High rise and higher risk buildings. Residential.
7
Q
How many parts does the act cover?
A
6 parts.
8
Q
What are higher risk buildings?
A
7 storeys or over 18m and 2 or more residential units.
9
Q
What are the main differences of the BSA 2022? (5)
A
1) Competence - duty to comply with the act.
2) Golden Thread - digital audit trail of information from inception through to in-use.
3) Duty holder responsibilities increasing (client, the principal designer, designer, principal contractor, or contractor).
4) Accountable Person to submit a Safety Management System during operation. All existing HRRB have 6 months to submit from April 2023.
5) Gateway amendments - Building Control approval required before works begin with more rigorous protocol (additional statements, plans and design co-ordination to be reviewed)
10
Q
When are we supposed to achieve net zero carbon?
A
2050
11
Q
What is the Paris Agreement? What year was it agreed?
A
A legally binding international treaty on climate change agreed by 195 Nations at the UN Climate Change Conference.
2015
12
Q
What does the Paris Agreement aim to do?
A
Limit rising temperatures to between 1.5 degrees C and 2.0 degrees C this century.
13
Q
What is the definition of Net Zero?
A
“the amount of a building’s embodied and operational carbon emissions over the life of the building, including its disposal, are zero or negative”
14
Q
What tools measure emissions of buildings?
A
SAP (Standard Assessment Procedure)
SBEM (Simplified Building Energy Model)
15
Q
Embodied Carbon - what?
A
Carbon contained in the manufacturing or a material and it’s construction.
16
Q
What method calculates the embodied carbon and operational carbon of a building?
A
Lifecycle analysis
17
Q
What stages to Lifecycle analysis’ cover?
A
Cradle to Grave.
18
Q
Name 5 technologies assisting with Net Zero or reducing operational carbon?
A
1) Solar panels / PV’s
2) Air/ Ground source heat pumps
3) LED lighting
4) Motion sensors
5) Smart hubs/ thermostats
6) Cool roofs - material that reflects heat
7) Solar shading
8) Green roofs
9) Wind turbines
10) SUD’s
11) Increased insulation
19
Q
What does BREEAM stand for?
A
Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method. (BRE Environmental Assessment Method)
20
Q
When will gas boilers stop being installed in new domestic dwellings?
A
2025
21
Q
What part of the Building Regs manages fossil fuels etc.?
A
Part L - Conservation of Fuel and Power.
22
Q
What key changes are happening to Building Regulations (4) and when?
A
15 June 2023.
Part L conservation of fuel and power.
1) Produce 31% less carbon than current standards.
2) Greater insulation requirements to new builds.
3) Tighter SAP calc thresholds.
4) Tightening of U-values for walls, doors, windows and roofs.
23
Q
What are the 7 rights of GDPR?
A
Right to:
Access
Rectification
Object
Forgotten
Restrict processing
Data portability
Decision based on automated processing
24
Q
What other Ethics standards are you aware of?
What is it?
A
International Ethics Standard Coalition
60 professional bodies combine for the first global world ethics standards.
Creating a universal set of ethics principles for the Built Environment.
25
Materials and insolvency - scenarios:
1) Materials delivered to site - whose?
2) Delivered to site - not paid by Employer? Situation?
3) Delivered to site but not instructed? Contract terms?
4) Not delivered to site but included in the Contract? Which mechanism should the be included in?
If the HVAC unit has been delivered and installed on site, then it is “incorporated into the land”. It becomes the property of the employer as part of the land that it owns. This is the case whether or not the employer has paid for the HVAC unit.
If the HVAC unit has been incorporated into the land, but the employer has not paid for it, the employer will remain liable to the insolvent contractor for those costs.
If the HVAC unit is sitting on site, but not yet incorporated into the works, the contract terms will be important. Under the JCT DB 2016, the contractor (or its insolvency practitioner) is not entitled to remove any such goods from site, even if they have not been paid for (clause 2.21). JCT DB 2016 also provides that the HVAC unit will become the employer’s property once its value has been included in an interim payment and such payment has been made (clause 2.21)
If the HVAC unit has not yet been delivered to site, the JCT uses the mechanism of “Listed Items” (clauses 2.22 and 4.15). These are particular items which are included in a list attached to the Employer’s Requirements. If a Listed Item is included in any interim payment then those items become the employer’s property, and the contractor shall not allow them to be moved from the premises where they are stored. The Listed Items must be clearly identified as being held to the employer’s order and destined for the works.
26
What are digital twins?
Digital twins are created by gathering and combining real-world information about the building or structure using technologies such as 3D laser scanners, drones, sensors, cameras, and other IoT-related devices. When supported by IoT and AI, a digital twin is able to learn from multiple sources and automatically update to reflect adjustments made to its real-world counterpart.
Since a digital twin delivers information on the object’s properties and states, information can include physical orientation (such as shape, position, gesture or motion), as well as insight into other statuses, interactions and updates -- such as stress loads due to traffic or wind, or leaking pipes.
27
Modern methods of construction? (7)
1) Pre-cast slabs
2) Pre-formed foundations
3) Pre-formed roofs
4) Pre-formed walls
5) Pre-formed wiring looms
7) Timber frames
8) Modular construction
28
What do MMC's achieve? (7)
1) Improve speed of construction
2) Reduction in costs
3) Controlled environment for build
4) Higher quality
5) Easy erection
6) Higher thermal efficiency
7) Use renewable materials
8) Reduced waste
9) Increased safety
10) Enhanced sustainability
29
What is a development appraisal?
Financial viability test of the ability of a development project to meet the requirements for the project to succeed.
30
What is included in a development appraisal? Name 6.
1) Land ownership and registry
2) Site characteristics
3) Highways studies
4) Services studies
5) Planning consultations
6) Development costs
7) Corporate strategy to market
8) Rights of way
9) Party walls
10) Existing tenancies
11) TPO's
12) Listed building
13) Financing options
31
What environmental issues are there on site? (7)
1) Dust
2) Sound pollution
3) Chemicals
4) Asbestos
5) Disposal of waste
6) Burning petrol
7) Sewage treatment
32
What regs and systems manage the sustainability and environmental side of Build Environment? (4)
1) Building Regs. Part L - Conservation of Fuel & Power
2) EPC's
3) Site waste management plans
4) BREEAM
33
What are the 3 principles of sustainable development?
1) Social - needs of community (fast food next to school instead of library)
2) Environmental - use of natural resources & minimising waste and energy
3) Economic - value for money and meeting functional use for tenants/ end users.
34
What is a U-Value?
A measure of how thermally efficient a material is.
35
Name 3 sustainable measuring systems?
BREEAM - Building Research Establishment Energy Assessment Method)
LEED - green building certification scheme
SKA - Rating for fitouts
36
Name 3 sustainable measuring systems?
BREEAM - Building Research Establishment Energy Assessment Method)
LEED - green building certification scheme
SKA - Rating for fitouts
37
Name 5 categories of BREEAM?
- Energy
- Materials
- Pollution
- Transport
- Innovation
- Water
38
What is BREEAM?
A scheme providing certification of the assessment of sustainability performance of individual buildings.
39
What advantages does BREEAM include?
40
What is insurance? What does it cover?
Transfer of risk in exchange for a premium.
1) Loss
2) Liability
41
What constitutes a Contract? (6)
- Offer
- Acceptance
- Intent
- Consideration
- Capacity
- Legality
42
Name the CAR insurances?
A - Contractor joint names New Build.
B - Employer joint names New Build.
C - Employer joint names Works to Existing Buildings.
43
What are British Standards?
Best practice guidance for the production of a product, carrying out a process or providing a service.
44
JCT vs NEC - differences, name 6.
1) NEC encourages collaborative working
2) NEC written in laymans terms
3) NEC deals with delays and costs together (Compensation Events)
4) QS not explicitly stated in NEC, similarly to JCT D&B
5) NEC does not deal with Provisional Sums
6) The NEC involves the programme as a contract document and is built around the programme.
45
What is the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009? (3)
- Came into force October 2011.
- Act amended the HGCRA 1996.
- Changed how contracts are entered into and amended payment and adjudication procedures.
46
What provisions does the LDEDC 2009 include? (6)
- Contracts; contracts agreed orally rather than in writing. Adjudication now available over an orally agreed something.
- Payment; HGCRA insists on payment mechanism in Contract. LDEDC removes the requirement for a main contractor to receive a payment certificate to then pay subbies.
- a payment notice must be issued (either by payee or payer) including sum due and basis calculated.
- payee can issue a default payment notice should the employer fail or suspend works
- payless notice; allows employer to pay less for a payment notice. As long as it's issued within the contractual time scales, states sum due to be deducted and basis of which calculated
- suspension of works; LDEDC clarifies the rights to suspend works through non payment. Reasonable costs to be paid for suspending the works.
47
What is an LOI?
A letter stating intention to enter into contract agreeing to begin works before contract is agreed.
48
What is included on an LOI? (9)
- Location and details description of works
- Start and completion dates
- Contract Sum (if known)
- Method of Payment
- Maximum LOI value
- Insurances
- Expiry date
- ADR method
- Clients rights to not enter into Contract
49
Adv & Disadv. of LOI?
Adv:
- Quick commencement
Disadv:
- Contractually weak
- Could lead to complacency to sign the actual contract
- Employer loses negotiating power
50
Who issues LOI & why?
Employer - legally binding agreement.
51
What are the 3 types of LOI?
- Comfort - intention to enter Contract.
- 'If' LOI - value maximised whilst contract agreed.
- Recognition of Contract - only used to mark the end of negotiations of a Contract.
52
What are Third Party Rights?
- Allows a third party to inforce terms of a Contract but which benefit them.
- DfE Third Party Rights over Calderdale College (Funders).
53
What Act are Third Party Rights enforced by?
Construction Act 2009.
54
What is assignment?
The transfer of benefit of the Contract to a purchaser/ funder without the burden being placed on them as this remains with the existing party.
55
Name 4 different types of Bonds?
- Performance Bond
- Retention Bond
- Off Site materials Bond
- Advance Payment Bond
56
Name two types of Performance Bond? Tell what each one is.
- On Demand; do not need to prove loss.
- Conditional; demonstrate loss.
57
What is the typical cost of a Performance Bond?
1% - 5% of Contract Sum.
58
Alternatives to PB?
PCG.
59
What is a Project Brief?
Document outlining clients requirements for a development. Detail should be sufficient for Consultants appointments.
60
What should be included in a Project Brief? (5)
- Description of Client, their culture, vision, objectives, priorities and criteria to measure success.
- Site information
- Spatial requirements
- Technical requirements
- Budget, planning, programme, milestones, risks and post occupancy targets.
61
Name 3 types of management strategy?
- Autocratic; firm but fair
- Democratic; Open forum
- Laissez-Fair; Employees take responsibility and not dependent on managers.
62
What is a PEP? Explain.
Project Execution Plan.
- Describes who does what and how.
63
What is included in a PEP?
- Project Brief
- Programme
- Cost Plan procedures
- Procurement strategy
- Roles & responsibilities
- Stakeholder management
- Planning strategy
- H&S strategy
- Sustainable strategy
- QA strategy
- PC, T&C, Handover process.
64
What is VE? Explain.
Value Engineering is eliminating unnecessary project costs without compromising quality of the final product or increasing the Value of the project.
65
VE example
CCTV;
- may be more cost effective
- other models may have a better picture
- simpler operating system
- more discreet/ aesthetically pleasing
66
When would VE be carried out?
Inception. Not left too late.
67
What is VM? Explain. (Key phrase)
Value Management is the over-arching process of achieving OPTIMUM LIFETIME VALUE for the Client by finding the most efficient way of designing the building for its intended purposes. VM includes VE as part of the process.
68
Difference between VM & VE?
VM looks at the bigger picture and the functions of processes to create a more efficient and add value to the whole process. E.g. can organisations get to the end goal.
VE targets specifics within the process e.g. roof tile alternatives or foundation re-design to reduce concrete/ steel.
69
How is the RICS QS Services Guide set out?
- Tick box exercise for elements construction services to all contracts, supplementary services, non-construction services (KPI's, e-tendering portal), financial support (lifecycle costings, capital allowances), BIM & additional services.
- App A - Requirements for meetings (attendance).
- App B - Glossary of terms.
70
RICS COI - Guiance/ statement etc. Tell me about it. (10)
RICS Professional Statement - COI.
- Identify COI.
- Keep records of accepting (Informed Consent) or rejecting work.
- Must maintain confidential information.
- Must have effective systems in place in line with complexity of business to comply with professional statement.
- 3 types of COI.
- Definition of Informed Consent.
- Applies to firms regulated and members working for non-regulated firms.
- How to avoid Party Conflict? Within the Scope of Service at the outset, carefully selected services.
- Information Barriers - Informed Consent still required but preventing sharing specific detail and act within SOS.
- Sample form included to request Informed Consent.
71
What does the RICS offer on Money Laundering?
RICS Professional Statement - Countering Bribery, Corruption, Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing (Feb 2019)
72
What must firms do in relation to Bribery and Corruption? (5)
- Not offer or accept bribe
- Have plans to comply with law and follow
- Report any activity
- Carry out Due Diligence and periodically review to their risk
- Retain info on how the firm has acted in line with this Prof. Statement.
73
What must firms do in relation to Bribery and Corruption? (3)
- Not offer or accept a bribe
- Ensure of adequate knowledge
- Report activity
74
What must firms do in relation to Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing? (8)
- Not facilitate
- Systems and training in place
- Report any activity
- Carry out Due Diligence and periodically review to their risk
- Retain info on how the firm has acted in line with this Prof. Statement.
- Identify risks with Clients and consumers and evaluate the appropriateness of their responses.
- Understand the Client and their transactions
- Verify identity of Client
75
What did the March 2022 Statement include from RICS?
- Relation to Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
- UK Sanctions List being updated.
- Reminder about obligations of RICS members and firms.
- Ensure processes and systems are up to date for checking clients backgrounds and logging these with RICS.
- Check suppliers and clients, and their links to entities/ persons on the potential sanctions list.
76
What are PEPs and PSCs?
Politically Exposed Persons.
Persons with Significant Control
77
Anti money laundering - red flags.
- Secretive
- Uses an intermediatary
- Criminal associations
- Avoids F2F contact
- is a PEP/ PSC
- High risk area (Algeria, Pakistan, Turkey, Iran, Iraq).
- Multiple transactions in short space of time
- Large cash payments
- Businesses assets have an extremely high value placed on them
- Unusual transactions
- Use of third parties to make payments
78
What's the limit of cash allowed for transaction? What to do with it?
10,000 euros
Pay it in the bank, receipt it and reference the payment.
79
AAP QA procedures?
- Compliant with ISO 9001:2015, ISO
14001:2015, and ISO 45001:2018.
- 4 objectives:
- Achieve Good or above from 70% Clients.
- 65% client repeat business
- Robust financial performance (15% net)
- Training to staff (NatWest Mentor)
- Project initiation
- Fees
- Appointments
- Document management
- Quality management of documents prior to distribution
- CHP
80
What are the 3 main objectives of HASAWA 1974?
- Ensuring employees' health, safety and welfare at work;
- Protecting non-employees against the health and safety risks arising from work activities;
- Controlling the keeping and use of explosive or highly flammable or dangerous substances.
81
What does the HASAWA 1974 require?
- Adequate training of staff
- Adequate welfare provisions
- A safe working environment that is properly maintained
- Suitable provision of relevant information, instruction and supervision
82
Who enforces H&S legislation?
Health and Safety Executives (HSE)
83
When must a workplace provide H&S policy?
5 or more employees.
84
Name 2 pieces of legislation the HASAWA refers to?
- Personal Protective Equipment Regulations (PPE) 2018
- Display Screen Equipment Regulations (DSE) 1992 (amended 2002)
85
What is included in F10?
- Address and local authority of the works
- Description of the works
- Nr of persons on site
- Start date
- Project duration
- Duty holders details
- Declaration
86
What is included in CPH&SP? (8)
- Section 3 of CDM Regulations.
- Site rules
- Responsibilities
- Key management
- Training
- Security
- Inductions
- Accident and Emergency procedures
87
When is a CPH&S Plan required?
ALL projects - subject to CPH&SP.
88
RICS Business Plan - explain? (11)
2021-2022
- Centres around the Levitt review
- Rebuild trust and confidence
- Building back economy since COVID
- Minimise increases to fees
- Surplus cash to pay back government from furlough scheme
- reduce funding deficit
- Geographically, target Scotland, Wales & Ireland
- Review PI requirements
- Grow by 4,200 newly qualified members
- £1m bonus provision - not changed since Levitt review.
- Total financial position increase by £3.5m by end 2023
89
Difference between Data Protections Act and GDPR?
DPA covers all digitised data, not just personal data.
90
DPA 2018
DPA is the UK's implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
91
Rules of DPA 2018? (5)
- used fairly, lawfully and transparently
- used for specified, explicit purposes
- used in a way that is adequate, relevant and kept up to date
- kept for no longer than necessary
- handled in a way that ensures appropriate security, including protection against unlawful or unauthorised processing, access, loss, destruction or damage
92
What does Part M of the Building Regs allow for? (7)
Access and Use of the Building.
- Two parts - Dwellings & Non-Dwellings
- Visiting the building
- Car Parking
- Stairs/ ramps
- Worktops
- Minimum door widths
- Specialist facilities
93
What is the revised U-Value targets on Façade Treatment scheme?
What is the U-Value requirement in the new Building Regulations?
With a 110mm thick Mineral Fibre Insulation slab, the proposed wall build-up results in a U-value = 0.28W/m2K.
Building Regs target was 0.30W/m2K and below.
New Building Regs.:
- Target is 0.26W/m2K for non-domestic and 0.18w/m2K for domestic - WALLS.
- Target 1.4w/m2K for domestic and 1.6w/m2K for non-domestic - WINDOWS AND DOORS.
94
Cost of the Sto. Insulated Render?
£495 / m2
2,500m2
£1,237,000 cost
95
What is the U-Value measurement unit?
Watts-per- meter-square-kelvin
W/m2K
96
Build up to the Sto Render (7)
Substrate
Mortar
Mineral Fibre Board
Fixing dowel
Reinforced Coat
Reinforced Mesh
Decorative Render Finish
97
Were there any other options to the façade works?
Yes - stone faced insulated system.
Proved to be too expensive and when investigated, could not be fixed to existing façade. Costly.
98
Two tender error resolutions?
JCT Practice Note:
1) JCT Practice note 2012 states 2 options
1 - correction of tender is not permitted. Confirm or withdraw.
2 - correction is permitted. Confirm or amend.
Choice made pre-contract.
99
Brick slip cladding - costs?
Slightly cheaper than brick construction.
