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L Spine Flashcards

(97 cards)

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0
Q

What is unique about the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

A

Facets for articulation with ribs

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1
Q

What is unique about the bodies of thoracic vertebrae

A

Demi facets for articulation with ribs

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2
Q

What is unique about the spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae

A

They are long and point downward

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3
Q

The ___________ of the thoracic spine lie at a 90 degree angle to the MSP and is best demonstrated radiographically on the _________ position.

A

Intervertebral foramina

Lateral

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4
Q

1-2” above the jugular notch associate with which vertebrae

A

C7-T1

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5
Q

The superior margin of the jugular notch associated with which vertebrae

A

T2-T3

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6
Q

The sternal angle associates with which vertebrae

A

T4-T5

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7
Q

3-4” below the jugular notch associated with which vertebrae

A

T7

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8
Q

The xiphoid tip associates with which vertebrae

A

T10

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9
Q

List the routine for thoracic spine

A

AP
Lateral
+/- swimmers

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10
Q

What are the breathing instructions for lateral thoracic spine

A

Breath normally

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11
Q

State the CR for the AP thoracic spine

A

T7 and MSP

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12
Q

The zygapophyseal joints of the thoracic spine are located at a _____ degree to the MSP open anteriorly

A

70-75

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13
Q

The RAO position of thoracic spine would best demonstrate the ________ joints

A

Right zygapophyseal

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14
Q

How do you determine the patient was in the AP position with no rotation on the AP thoracic spine radiograph

A

SC joints are equidistant from spine and spinous processes equidistant from Pedicles

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15
Q

State the CR for the lateral thoracic spine

A

Perpendicular to T7

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16
Q

The portion of the lamina between the articular processes of lumbar vertebrae is called

A

Pars interarticularis

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17
Q

List the routine for lumbar spine

A

AP
2 obliques
Lateral
L5-S1 spot

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18
Q

State the CR for the AP L spine

A

Perpendicular to the iliac crest/ L4

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19
Q

How do you determine that the patient was in the true lateral position on the lateral L spine

A

Intervertebral foramina open and Pedicles superimposed
L1-L5 in profile
Greater static notches are superimposed

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20
Q

Why should you place lead on the tabletop behind the pt when performing a lateral lumbar

A

To decrease scatter

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21
Q

The eye of the Scotty dog

A

Pedicle

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22
Q

The nose of the Scotty dog

A

Transverse process

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23
Q

The ear of the Scotty dog

A

Superior articular process

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24
The front leg o the Scotty dog
Inferior articular process
25
The neck o the Scotty dog
Pars interarticularis
26
The lower rib margin articulates with which vertebrae
L2-L3
27
The iliac crest articulates with which vertebrae
L4-L5
28
The ASIS articulates with which vertebrae
S1-S2
29
The symphysis pubis articulates with which vertebrae
Mid coccyx
30
What passes through the sacral foramina
Blood vessels and nerves
31
The anterior superior ridge of the body of the 1st sacral segment and forms the posterior wall of the pelvic inlet is termed the ___________
Promentory
32
The _________ is a landmark to define the inlet of the true pelvis
Promentory / anterior superior ridge of the 1st sacral segment
33
What is formed by the fused spinous processes of the true pelvis
Median sacral crest
34
The forward curvature of the (male, female) sacrum is more pronounced, with its greatest curvature in the lower half of the bone. It also lies in a more oblique plane (as opposed to vertical in position), which results in a sharper angle at the L5/S1 junction
Male
35
List the routine for the sacrum
AP axial | Lateral
36
The CR or the AP axial sacrum I directed __________ degrees (cephalad/Caudad) to a point 2" superior to the pubic symphysis on the MSP
15 | Cephalad
37
State the CR for the lateral sacrum
Perpendicular to 3-4" posterior to ASIS
38
Anatomy demonstrated on AP t spine
Vertebral bodies Spinous processes Transverse processes
39
Anatomy demonstrated on oblique t spine
RAO right zyg joints LAO left zyg joints RPO left zyg joints LPO right zyg joints
40
Anatomy demonstrated on lateral t spine
Intervertebral spaces | Intervertebral foramen
41
Anatomy demonstrated on AP L spine
``` Vertebral bodies Disk spaces Transverse processes SI joints Sacrum ```
42
Anatomy demonstrated on oblique L spine
RPO rt zyg joints | LPO lt zyg joints
43
Anatomy demonstrated on lateral L spine
Intervertebral foramen Joint spaces Vertebral bodies Spinous processes
44
The superior and inferior vertebral notches join together to form the
Intervertebral foramen
45
Which radiograph best demonstrated the intervertebral foramen
Lateral
46
Is the degree of angle to demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints greater or lesser in the lower lumbar vertebrae as compared to the upper
It is lesser | 50 degree for upper and 30 degree for lower to MSP
47
The small foramina found in the sacrum are called
Pelvic sacral foramina
48
What is another term for the sacral horns
Cornua
49
The sacroiliac joints lie at an oblique angle of __________ degrees to the coronal plane
30
50
What is the name for the superior broad aspect of the coccyx
Base
51
Classification, mobility, and movement type for zygapophyseal joints
Synovial, diarthrodial, plane or gliding
52
The degree of obliquity required for an oblique projection at the T12-L1 level is approximately ____________, whereas the L5-S1 level spine requires a __________ oblique. Therefore a __________ oblique is performed for the general L spine
50 30 45
53
T/F The use of higher kVp and lower mAs for lumbar spine radiography improves radiographic contrast but increases patient dose
False
54
T/F placing a lead blocker mat behind the pt for lateral L spine improves image quality
True
55
Gonadal shielding should always be used for male and female patients for studies of L spine, sacrum, coccyx
False | Not use for female
56
T/F the AP projection of the lumbar spine opens the intervertebral joint spaces better than PA projection
False | PA opens intervertebral joint spaces more
57
T/F the knees and hips should be extended for an AP projection of L spine
False | Flexed
58
T/F an increased SID of 44 or 46 inches reduces distortion of spine anatomy
True
59
Which modality best demonstrates osteoporosis
Bone densitometry
60
Which modality best demonstrates soft tissues of lumbar spine
MRI
61
Which modality best demonstrates structures within subarachnoid space
MRI
62
Which modality best demonstrates inflammatory conditions such as Paget's disease
Nuclear medicine
63
Which modality best demonstrates compression fxs of L spine
CT
64
Lateral curvature of vertebral column
Scoliosis
65
Fx of the vertebral body caused by hyperflexion force
chance fx
66
Congenital defect in which the posterior elements of the vertebrae fail to unite
Spina bifida
67
Most common at the L4-L5 level and may result in sciatica
HNP
68
Forward displacement of one vertebra onto another vertebra
Spondylolisthesis
69
Inflammatory condition that is most common in males in their thirties
Ankylosing spondylitis
70
Dislocation and separation of the pars interarticularis
Spondylolysis
71
A type of fx that rarely causes neurological defects
Compression fx
72
The AP and lateral lumbar spine projections use what size IR and the CR is centered where
14x17 | Iliac crest
73
Which specific set of l spine zygapophyseal joints are demonstrated with an LAO position
Right
74
Which positioning error has been committed of the eye of the Scotty dog are projected too far posterior wih a 45 degree oblique position of the L spine
Too much rotation
75
Which position or projection of the L spine series best demonstrated a possible compression fx
Lateral
76
A pt with a wide pelvis and narrow thorax may require a CR angle of ___________ degrees (Caudad/cephalad) for a lateral L spine
5-8 | Caudad
77
How should the spine of a pt with scoliosis be poisoned for a lateral L spine
With the "sag" or convexity of the spine closest to the IR
78
Why should the knees and hip be flexed for an AP L spine
Reduces lumbar curvature which opens up the disk space
79
T/F the female ovarian dose used for a PA L spine is approx 30% less than the dose used for an AP
True
80
State the CR for L5-S1 spot
1 1/2 in inferior of iliac crest an 2" posterior of ASIS
81
T/F a PA or AP projection for a scoliosis series frequently includes one erect and one recumbent position for comparison
True
82
T/F the lower margin of the cassette must include the symphysis pubis for a scoliosis series
False (lower margin 1-2 in below iliac crest
83
T/F a PA projection for a scoliosis series produces only about 1/10 the dose to the breast as compared with the AP projection
True
84
What technique or devices produces a more uniform density along the vertebral column for an AP/PA scoliosis projection
Compensating filter
85
Which side of the spine should be elevated for the second exposure for the AP/PA projection (Ferguson method) scoliosis series (by having the pt stand on a block with one foot)
The convex side of the spine
86
During the AP (PA) right and left bending projections of the L spine the ______ must remain stationary during positioning
Pelvis
87
Which projections should be taken to evaluate flexibility following spinal fusion surgery
Hyperextention/ hyperflexion
88
How much CR angulation is required for an AP projection of the sacrum for a typical male pt
15 degrees cephalad
89
If a pt cannot lie on their back for an AP sacrum what projection should be used
PA 15 degree Caudad
90
Where is the CR centered for an AP projection of the coccyx
2" superior of symphysis pubis
91
T/F the AP projections of the sacrum and coccyx can be taken as one single projection to decrease gonadal dose
False (different CR angles need)
92
Pts should be asked to empty the urinary bladder before performing which projections of the vertebral column
AP of sacrum and coccyx
93
Which SI joint is visualized with an RPO position
Left
94
How much rotation of the body is required for oblique positions of the SI joints
25-30
95
What type of CR angle is recommended for the axial projection o the SI joints on a female pt
35 degree cephalad
96
Where is the CR centered for an oblique projection of the SI joints
1" medial from upside ASIS

L Spine (1 decks)

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