L-spine

Question 1

Lumbar spine has what curve

Answer 1

Secondary curve, Lordotic curve, Convex

Question 2

Pelvic has what curve

Answer 2

Primary curve, Kyphotic curve, Concave

Question 3

What is inferior to the sacrum

Answer 3

Coccyx

Question 4

Number of lumbar vertebrae

Answer 4

Five

Question 5

Articulates with both ilia

Answer 5

Sacrum

Question 6

Abnormally increased concavity of the spine

Answer 6

Lordosis

Question 7

Lateral deviation of the spine with possible vertebral rotation

Answer 7

Scoliosis

Question 8

Failure of the posterior encasement of the spinal cord to close

Answer 8

Spina Bifida

Question 9

Breaking down of vertebra

Answer 9

Spondylolysis

Question 10

Forward displacement of a vertebra over a lower vertebra, usually L5-S1

Answer 10

Spondylolisthesis

Question 11

Process extending laterally and posteriorly from the body

Answer 11

Pedicles

Question 12

Process extending posteriorly from the junction of both laminae

Answer 12

Spinous Process

Question 13

Process extending laterally from the pedicle-laminae junction

Answer 13

Transverse Process

Question 14

Articular processes

Answer 14

Zygapophyses

Question 15

Solid anterior part of a vertebra

Answer 15

Body

Question 16

Connects the transverse process with the spinous process

Answer 16

Laminae

Question 17

Functions of the vertebral column

Answer 17

Protects spinal cord, support for the trunk and skull, attachment for ribs

Question 18

How do zygapophyseal articulations of the lumbar vertebra open

Answer 18

30-50 degrees

Question 19

How do lumbar intervertebral foramina open

Answer 19

90 degrees

Question 20

How many degrees do the SI joints open

Answer 20

25-30 degrees

Question 21

Why should patint empty bladder fo AP L-spine

Answer 21

Urine may produce an unwanted shadow or create secondary radiation

Question 22

What SID is recommended for L-spine

Answer 22

48’’ to reduce distortion or open joint spaces

Question 23

Why should patient flex knees

Answer 23

To reduce lordotic curve and to prevent rotation

Question 24

Central ray for AP/Lateral L-spine

Answer 24

iliac crest (L4)

Question 25

How much of the vertebral column should be shown on AP image

Answer 25

Lower thoracic to sacrum

Question 26

What body plane should be centered to midline of table

Answer 26

Midcoronal

Question 27

What brething technique should be used

Answer 27

Stop breathing after expiration

Question 28

Central ray should be directed

Answer 28

Perpendicular to table

Question 29

What lumbar anatomy should be demonstrated with the lateral L-spine

Answer 29

Intervertebral foramina

Question 30

Where is the central ray for lumbosacral located

Answer 30

1 1'2 inferior to iliac crest, 2 inches posterior

Question 31

What is demonstrated when the patient is rotated with left side elevated

Answer 31

Lumbar zygapophyseal aritculations of the right side

Question 32

What is demonstrated when the patient is LPO

Answer 32

Left zygapophyseal joints

Question 33

What does the "Scottie dog" demonstrate

Answer 33

Zygapophyseal joints

Question 34

The eye of the "Scottie dog" demonstrates what

Answer 34

The pedicle of the side closer to the IR

Question 35

Why is PA projection not preferred

Answer 35

AP places coccyx closer to IR

Question 36

How do zygapophyseal joints open in lumbar vertebra

Answer 36

30-60 degrees posteriorly

Question 37

What parts of the sacrum for the joints with the ilia of the pelvis

Answer 37

Auriular surfaces

Question 38

Why is 14 by 17 collimated field recommended

Answer 38

To visualize liver, kidneys, spleen, and psoas muscles

Question 39

What plane should be centered for AP projection

Answer 39

Midsagittal

Question 40

What plane should be centered for lateral projection

Answer 40

Midcoronal

Question 41

What projection best demonstrates intervertebral foramina

Answer 41

Lateral

Question 42

What projection best demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints

Answer 42

AP oblique

Question 43

RPO demonstrates

Answer 43

right zygapophyseal joints

Question 44

If the pedical was quite anterior and the zygapophyseal joints were not well demonstrated then

Answer 44

The patient was not rotated enough

Question 45

WHat projection demonstrates the "Scottie dog'

Answer 45

Oblique Projection

Question 46

What projection requires MSP positioned parallel to IR

Answer 46

Lateral

Question 47

What projection best demonstrates the left SI joint

Answer 47

RPO posiion

Question 48

AP sacrum

Answer 48

15 degrees cephalad

Question 49

AP coccyx

Answer 49

10 degrees caudad

Question 50

Lateral sacrum and coccyx

Answer 50

Central ray perpendicular

Question 51

5 fused segments

Answer 51

Sacrum

Question 52

Why is L-spine different

Answer 52

Large, broad spinous process