L03(it deleted half of them) Flashcards
(26 cards)
ACL runs from front to back and the Posterior cruciate ligament moves back to front inside the knee joint. this causes a criss cross arrangement. what is th epoint of this?
to prevent dispalcement in the forward and backward direction
ACL runs from front to back and the Posterior cruciate ligament moves back to front inside the knee joint. this causes a criss cross arrangement. what is th epoint of this?
to prevent dispalcement in the forward and backward direction
what is cartilage composed of?
Collogen
elastic fibres
Chondrocytes (makes the collogen and the ECM)
What is hyaline cartilage used for?
most common in minor and major joints
it provide a framework for bone deposition
supplies smooth surfaces for articulation- effective locotmation without wear and tear
what is fibrocartilidge used for?
simply joints 2 bones together. found in places that require tough support and dont really give af about movement.
eg. in the skull
what is elastic cartilidge used for?
walls of auditory canals and larynx
present to keep the tubes open
what is elastic cartilidge used for?
walls of auditory canals and larynx
present to keep the tubes open
what is another name for bone? (somin tissue)
osseous tissue
what are properties of osseous tissue?
alive hard lightweight mostly formed from calcium phosphate many fibres- collogen gives elasticity living- very well vascularised good wound repair
what are 5 functions of bones
protection of internal organs movement support(framework for muscle) store of calcium and phosphate haemopoiesis
what 2 types of general bone structure is there
compact and cancellous bone
what is the structure and function of compact bone?
dense tissue sturcture with cells tightly packed together.
mainly for protection
what is the structure and fucntion of cancellous bone
much more open as it has air pockets and contains a honeeycomb(traberculae) arranged to give maximum strength at weight bearing
allows weight to be distributed preventing damage
what are the 3 different parts of a long bone?
epiphysis
metaphysis
diaphysis
how does the structure of the long bone change from diaphysis to epiphysis
epiphysis has alot more cancellous bone and the diaphysis has mainly just compact bone
how does the structure of the long bone change from diaphysis to epiphysis
epiphysis has alot more cancellous bone and the diaphysis has mainly just compact bone
what is the endosteum
single layer of cells that line the inner surface of bone
what is the periosteum
several cell layers tightly lining the outer surface of bone
what is another name for bone formation
endochondral formation
what is another name for bone formation
endochondral formation
what is the sequence of transformations from the embryonic mesenchyme to make the skeleton?
it forms the mesenchymal model and then forms the intermediate cartilaginous model which is then replaced by bone via endochondrial ossification.
where does growth occur in bones
epiphyseal growth plates in between the shaft and ends
what is the embryology of the skeleton
the medial mesoderm differentiates to the scelerotome which becomes the skeleton
where are primary ossification centres present
appear in bone shafts and responsable for initial formation of the skeleton
