L05 Flashcards
ethics
What is NF-kB?
Nuclear Factor of the kappa Immunoglobulin light chain in B cells
What is the NF-κB transcription factor pathway
Mechanisms leading to NF-κB activation and how NF-κB functions as a transcription factor to regulate gene expression.
What is a nuclear factor?
A protein that regulates genes involved in cell growth
Role of NF-kB
regulating inflammation, DNA damage, cell death, cell adhesion and proliferation.
What’s the common domain in the mammalian NF-kB family?
Rel Homology Domain
What are the two types of NF-kB subfamilies in mammals?
p and the Rel
What are the 5 members of the NF-kB
RelA, RelB, c-Rel, p52, p50
What does the RHD (Rel Homology Domain) do?
encodes the DNA binding and dimerisation functions of NF-kB
How long is the RHD
300 amino acid domain
ubiquitination is?
A mechanism the cell uses to degrade target proteins
How does ubiquitination work?
Ubiquitin attach to to the protein, form a chain, marking for proteosome which degrades the protein and either reuses amino acids or sends ‘remains’ for Ant. Presentation (AP)
What enzyme is involved in ubiquitisation
E3 ubiquitin ligase
What is NF-kB induced by?
Inflammatory cytokines
Bacterial products
Viral proteins & infection
DNA-damage
Cell Stress
What does NF-kB regulate?
The immune and inflammatory responses
Stress responses
Cell survival and cell death
Cell adhesion
Proliferation
What are the IkKB three core subunits?
IkK alpha (1), IkK beta (2), IkK gamma (nemo )
What are the catalytic subunits of IKK complex?
IkK alpha (1), IkK beta (2)
Why are they the IKK catalytic subunits?
Kinase domain
What is the regulatory subunit in the IKK?
IkK gamma (nemo)
How do IkB inactivate proteins?
Contain ankyrin repeat motifs in their C termini -> there form the alpha helix stack -> allowing IkB to bind to protein, inhibiting the protein
What amino acids do PEST domains contain?
P - Proline, E - Glutamate, S - Serine, T - Threonine
What IKK subunit is the canonical pathway for the activation of NF-kB through?
IKK Beta, Alpha and Gamma.
What is the NF-KB dimer formed through the canonical pathway?
p50 and RelA
What IKK subunit is the non-canonical pathway for the activation of NF-kB through?
IKK alpha
What is the NF-KB dimer formed through the non-canonical pathway?
p52 and RelB
