L06 Viruses and cancer Flashcards Preview

CAN Sem 4 > L06 Viruses and cancer > Flashcards

Flashcards in L06 Viruses and cancer Deck (14)
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1
Q

Examples of carcinogenic viruses?

A

EBV
HBV
HPV
HIV-1

2
Q

What cancers can EBV cause?

A

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Lymphomas

3
Q

What cancer can HBV and HCV cause?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

4
Q

What cancer can HIV-1 cause?

A

Lymphomas
Cervical cancer
Anal cancer

5
Q

What cancer can HPVs cause?

A

Cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, anus carcinomas

6
Q

What is the mechanism of direct carcinogens?

A

Introduces viral oncogene into host cell
e.g. HPV E6 & 7, EBV

or

Modified viral oncogene after integration into host cell
e.g. Merkel cell polyomavirus

7
Q

What is the mechanism of indirect carcinogens?

A

Induction of chronic inflammation e.g. Hep C
Prevention of apoptosis e.g. HBVs
Virus induced immunosuppression activates other tumour viruses e.g. HIV

8
Q

What is the genome type of HPV?

A

Small dsDNA virus

9
Q

What two factors drive proliferation in HPV?

A

E6 & E7

10
Q

What does E6 act on in HPV?

A

p53 and stops cell death

11
Q

What does E7 act on in HPV?

A

Retinoblastoma (Rb) to cause progression from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle

12
Q

What does the vaccine Cervarix protect against?

A

Cervical cancer; HPV16 and HPV18

13
Q

What does the vaccine Gardasil protect against?

A

Cervical cancer; HPV6, 11, 16, 18

14
Q

How do cervical cancer vaccines work?

A

Prophylactically not therapeutically; they coat the virus with neutralising antibodies which blocks it from binding