L1 Bacterial structure and function

Question 1

What are prions?

Answer 1

Infectious proteins

Question 2

What are the two main categories of parasites?

Answer 2

Single-cell parasites and multicellular parasites

Question 3

What do single-cell parasites include?

Answer 3

Protozoa

Question 4

What do multicellular parasites include?

Answer 4

Helminths (worms) and ectoparasites

Question 5

What are the two major classifications of cellular organisms?

Answer 5

Eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Question 6

List the infectious microbial agents

Answer 6

Prions, viruses, bacteria, fungi, single-cell parasites and multicellular parasites

Question 7

fungi are mainly…

Answer 7

moulds and yeast

Question 8

What is the universal phylogenetic tree?

Answer 8

3 domain system that shows evolutionary relationships based on ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence comparisons

Question 9

Label the phylogenetic tree (3 domains)

Answer 9

Origin, Bacteria. Archaea, Eucarya

Question 10

Why are viruses/prions not represented in the phylogenetic tree

Answer 10

they do no contain rRNA

Question 11

What is the newer 2 domain system of the phylogenetic tree?

Answer 11

Proposes that eukaryotes evolved through symbiogenesis of bacteria and archaea. Bacteria engulfed by archaea evolved to form intracellular organelles.

Question 12

Classify prions

Answer 12

acellular, no NAs, not alive, large proteins, intracellular e.g. PrPsc

Question 13

classify viruses

Answer 13

acellular, DNA or RNA, seen by e- microscope, e.g. HEP B and HIV

Question 14

classify bacteria

Answer 14

prokaryotes, both DNA and RNA, freeliving or intracellular,