L1 - Biomaterials in dentistry

Question 1

what is a dental biomaterial

Answer 1

“a material intended to interface with the human
biological system to evaluate, treat, augment or replace
any oral tissue or function”

Question 2

Causes of having to do use dental materials

Answer 2

Trauma - children falling down and knocking their teeth out
- Tooth decay
- Tooth Loss
-Revision

Question 3

What does it mean by revision when using dental materials

Answer 3

it means correcting the tooth or treatment done by another dentist due to using the wrong material etc

Question 4

what is gingivitis

Answer 4

earliest stage of gum disease. It happens when plaque and bacteria build up on your teeth and cause infection. Common symptoms include red, swollen, bleeding gums.

Question 5

what are the considerations when it comes to selecting or using the dental materials

Answer 5

Mechanical properties - physical
- ease of handling
Aesthetics
Biocompatible
clinical longevity

Question 6

examples of forces in the body

Answer 6

• Compressive forces
  
  • Tensile forces
  • Shear forces
    Occlusal forces

Question 7

what is the equipment called > the one used to test the mechanical properties of the material

Answer 7

Universal Testing machine

Question 8

why is handling important when it comes to dental materials

Answer 8

• Handling means how easy or difficult to create and use the material
  
  • Mixing two materials can lead to an immediate reaction so there is a limited working time to mix the materials to its ideal biomaterial
    Proportion has to be right

Question 9

why is using light as a way of curing the material useful?

Answer 9

Curing the material is useful because it uses the light energy to initiate the reaction rather than mixing the materials in a limited time as mentioned in the previous slides

Question 10

what is photopolymerisation

Answer 10

a technique that uses light (visible or ultraviolet; UV) to initiate and propagate a polymerization reaction to form a linear or crosslinked polymer structure.

Question 11

biocompatibility - meaning

Answer 11

“the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host
response in a specific application”

Question 12

what are the situations when the material isn’t compatible with the body

Answer 12

sensitivity after operations
toxicity
corrosion
allergies

Question 13

the clinical performance of the biomaterial is dependent on?

Answer 13

• knowledge of the material properties
  -restoration design
  -knowledge of its interaction with the biological environment
  patient considerations

Question 14

4 different classes of biomaterials

Answer 14

Metals, ceramic, polymers, composities

Question 15

causes of clinical failure of using biomaterials

Answer 15

Biocompatibility, mechanical failure, aesthetic quality