L1 | Earthquakes

Question 1

What causes/produces tremendous strain or directions to the Earth’s crust?

Answer 1

COOLING & SHRINKING OF ROCK LAYERS

Question 2

forces that stretch or PULL rock layers TO opposite directions

Answer 2

TENSION FORCE

Question 3

forces that PUSH rock layers FROM opposite directions

Answer 3

COMPRESSION FORCE

Question 4

forces that pull rock layers IN DIFFERENT directions

Answer 4

SHEARING FORCE

Question 5

vibrations or tremors on the Earth’s surface caused by the breaking slipping of rocks underneath

Answer 5

EARTHQUAKE

Question 6

classifications of earthquakes

Answer 6

1. TECTONIC

2. VOLCANIC

Question 7

an earthquake where a sudden displacement of the Earth’s crust occurs along a fault or break in the rocks

Answer 7

TECTONIC EARHTQUAKE

Question 8

source of great amounts of energy rapidly released resulting to the movement of the Earth’s crust

Answer 8

FOCUS or HYPOCENTER

Question 9

point on the surface directly above the focus

Answer 9

EPICENTER

Question 10

TRUE OR FALSE :

All earthquakes occur along the faults.

Answer 10

FALSE

CORRECT ANSWER : Most earthquakes occur along faults. However, earthquakes may also occur in places where many active volcanoes are located, that is, along the margins of the deep ocean floors.

Question 11

earthquake originating from a volcanic activity

Answer 11

VOLCANIC EARTHQUAKE

Question 12

areas in the circum-Pacific belt where it is more likely to experience shaking or sliding of the ground

Answer 12

RING OF FIRE

Question 13

How are earthquakes described?

Answer 13

described by :

1. INTENSITY
2. MAGNITUDE

Question 14

the strength of an earthquake & its corresponding possible effects on people, structures, and the environment

Answer 14

INTENSITY

Question 15

indicates the observable destruction of the earthquake in a specific location relative to its distance from the origin

Answer 15

INTENSITY

Question 16

developed by Italian volcanologist Giuseppe Mercalli in 1902 which lists the effects of an earthquake in relation to its intensity

Answer 16

INTENSITY SCALE or MERCALLI SCALE

Question 17

the amount of energy released at the focus or origin of the earthquake

Answer 17

MAGNITUDE

Question 18

instrument used to measure the magnitude, which records not only the strength but also the time of occurrence & direction of an earthquake

Answer 18

SEISMOGRAPH

Question 19

developed in 1935 by American seismologist & physicist Charles Francis Richter, which measures the magnitude

Answer 19

RICHTER SCALE

Question 20

observable effects of strong earthquakes on the Earth’s surface

Answer 20

1. GROUND TREMORS
2. LAND RUPTURES
3. LAN SLIPPAGE
4. LANDSLIDES

Question 21

secondary effects of earthquakes

Answer 21

1. TSUNAMIS
2. FIRES
3. LOSS OF PROPERTIES & LIVES

Question 22

The earth’s crust shakes, and the strength of movement depends on the distance of an area from the focus and epicenter of the earthquake. If the place is near the focus and epicenter, the tremor would be strong. In contrast, if an area is several kilometers away from the origin of the earthquake, the tremor felt in the place would be less.

Answer 22

GROUND TREMORS

Question 23

The shock near the epicenter can cause land surfaces to break open. Fissures or cracks can also be found in some distant areas from the epicenter. The tremors may even force water, mud, and sand out of the ground through these cracks because of the pressure caused by the movement of the underground rocks.

Answer 23

LAND RUPTURES

Question 24

During an earthquake, side-by-side sliding movement of the ground may take place. Along the fault, rock layer sink or move down while the other slab moves up. This movement can be observed in things that seem to rise, bend, or twist after an earthquake. This creates high cliffs and sinking lowlands. Land surfaces bend or create waves of folds, forming small mounds or hills.

Answer 24

LAN SLIPPAGE

Question 25

Hillsides and high cliffs become unstable as the strong shocks of an earthquake cause landslides. Masses of rocks slip down from highlands, thus, flattening of the highlands. Mountains change their shapes when some of their parts slip down. Lowlands are filled up with falling and sliding rocks and soil.

Answer 25

LANDSLIDES

Question 26

Disturbances like underwater earthquakes create enormous waves in the oceans or seas. Tsunamis are big waves that can move hundreds of kilometers per hour in the ocean and flow into the land with waves as high as 10 m or more. The waves travel outward in all directions and build a height on the shore. In a few seconds, these big waves flow over the land, wash away the structures along the path, and then return to the ocean

Answer 26

TSUNAMIS

Question 27

Occurs on lakes shaken by earthquakes and are usually a few meters high. These waves can cause floods in low areas and are capable of destroying houses and uprooting trees.

Answer 27

OSCILLATING WAVES or SEICHES

Question 28

TRUE OR FALSE : Earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth.

Answer 28

TRUE

Question 29

TRUE OR FALSE : Volcanic eruptions occurs when rocks slip along faults.

Answer 29

FALSE [CORRECT ANSWER] EARTHQUAKES occur when rocks slip along faults.

Question 30

TRUE OR FALSE : Earthquakes are classified by the kinds of movement that occur along them.

Answer 30

FALSE [CORRECT ANSWER] FAULTS are classified by the kinds of movement that occur along them.

Question 31

TRUE OR FALSE : Earthquakes kill people.

Answer 31

FALSE [CORRECT ANSWER] Earthquake DON'T kill people; buildings kill people.

Question 32

TRUE OR FALSE : Sound waves is used to map the Earth's interior.

Answer 32

FALSE [CORRECT ANSWER] SEISMIC WAVES are used to map the Earth's interior.

Question 33

TRUE OR FALSE : It is possible to predict earthquakes.

Answer 33

FALSE [CORRECT ANSWER] It is not yet possible to predict earthquakes.