L1: Food Safety 🍴 Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the 5 conditions of bacterial growth?
- Food
- Moisture
- Warmth
- Time
- Oxygen
What is the danger zone?
Conditions ideal for bacterial growth between 5-63 oC
Ideal fridge temp:
4 oC
What is contamination?
When a harmful or unwanted substance is transferred onto something else, not always visible to the naked eye
Salmonella (3)
In
Contaminant
Eg
- Found in the intestines of many farm animals
- Fruit and veg can be contaminated by contact with manure and soil
- British Lion Eggs are from hens vaccinated against salmonella
Campylobacter (4)
From
Spread
Do
- Most common food poisoning bacteria
- Most likely to get from undercooked chicken
- May also be spread by cattle, pigs, birds and pets in Luther’s gut
- Do not wash meat or poultry
E- Coli 0157 (4)
Found
Outcomes
How
Danger
- Normally found in intestines of people and animals
- Serious outcomes, death or untreatable illness
- Can survive the cold but destroyed through coking
- Undercooked beef is dangerous
Staphylococcus Aureus (4)
By
Found
Contaminate
Important
- Carried by humans
- Commonly found on the skin, ear, nose and throat area
- Can contaminate food if you don’t wash their hands before touching it
- Good personal hygiene is important
4 types of contamination
- Biological eg. Bacteria, virus
- Physical eg. Glass, metal, nails, hair
- Chemical eg. Insectides, cleaning fluids
- Allergenic eg. Peanuts, shellfish
Symptoms of food poisoning
Fever
Vommitting
Nausea
Stomach pains
Diarrhoea
Dehydration
-dizziness
-weakness
-sweating
-headaches
At risk groups with food poisoning (4)
Babies and very young children
Pregnant women
Elderly people
People with reduced immunity
Suffer worse symptoms
What does the date marking do
Helps consumer make safe and optimum use of food
Date marking is ..
Required by law
Best before (4)
What
After
Stored
On
Best quality before date
Still good to eat after date
Stored in ambient conditions
Find on pasta, uncooked rice, tins, biscuits
Use by (4)
After
Foods
Find
Unsafe to eat after date
Illegal to sell after the date
Perishable foods need to be fridgerated
Find on fish, meat, dairy, cooked food
What is the most common type of food poisoning in the UK?
Campylobacter mainly found in undercooked chicken
High risk foods (2)
Bacteria love protein rich foods best
Food that is consumed without further cooking is most at risk or high risk
Some bacteria is helpful but …
Pathogenic bacteria causes harm
Why is bacteria successful?
They can divide quickly given the right conditions- they are natures fastest breeder
A burger is not a steak because..
On a steak the bacteria is found on the outside so you only need to cook the outside to get rid of the bacteria and make it safe to eat.
On a burger bacteria is all through it as first it is minced before becoming a burger which spreads the bacteria. You MUST cook it all the way through otherwise you are at risk of contracting E-Coli 0157
