L11-global change,climate change,rate of evolution

Question 1

What regimes will change in future?

Answer 1

• Temperature
• pH
• Storms
• Oxygen
• Sea level

Question 2

examples of direct effects?

Answer 2

Temperature, acidification, destruction, asphyxiation

Question 3

examples of Indirect effects?

Answer 3

habitat loss, life history shifts, range shifts, disease)

Question 4

What are the direct effects of heat wave?

Answer 4

Heat wave mortality(starvation)-can kill food source killing in thousands
heat wave mortality diseases
coral bleaching

Question 5

What are the direct effects of acidification?

Answer 5

can effect larvae of fish(not avoiding predators) but likely just outlier or malpractice

Question 6

How do big storms effect nature?

Answer 6

not large effect many effects humans

Question 7

What are the direct effects of Oxygen availability?

Answer 7

• Complicated
• Higher temperatures = higher oxygen demands
• Higher temperatures = different oxygen solubility and diffusion dynamics
not sure if tempe will have effect on orgnaisms

Question 8

Effect of sea level rise?

Answer 8

plants move with sea level can cause them to run into human development giving them nowhere to run

Question 9

What are indirect effect of coral bleaching?

Answer 9

habitat loss- when coral dies is no longer suitable habitat

Question 10

What are indirect effect on body size?

Answer 10

with increasing temperature animals have smaller body size.
lots of variation in effect in real life

Question 11

What are indirect effect on phenology shifts?

Answer 11

as climate gets warmer spawning dates change by up to 20 days earlier
can mean larvae are produced when there is no food

Question 12

What are indirect effect on range?

Answer 12

species will move towards the poles
seems to happen in a variety of groups

Question 13

What are indirect effect of disease?

Answer 13

predators die cause overabundance of prey negatively effecting ecosystem

Question 14

What is the problem with predicting tomorrow’s
biology based on today’s biology

Answer 14

• The role of evolution
eg. Cod evolve to cope with lower oxygen so don’t die when expected

Question 15

What are the tools for making predictions about climate change

Answer 15

• Theory
• Experiments on plasticity
• Quantitative genetics

Question 16

What is Basic evolutionary theory?

Answer 16

• Rates of evolution α(proportional) selection x genetic variation

Question 17

What allows more evolution?

Answer 17

More selection, more genetic variation

Question 18

What does large population size mean for evolution?

Answer 18

Large population sizes increase genetic variation, make selection more effective

Question 19

How can genetic correlation effect evolution?

Answer 19

not one trait evolves at same time traits are linked

Question 20

When should evolution occur?

Answer 20

Theory predicts that when plasticity is high and
genetic variation exists

Question 21

what is plasticity?

Answer 21

change a trait without evolution to adapt i.e tanning in the sun

Question 22

Why are Molecular tools not useful for measuring genetic variation?

Answer 22

lots of genes identifying becomes impossible

Question 23

How likely is plasticity for temp change?

Answer 23

likely but how this will effect coe evolution we do not know

Question 24

What does Reduce the dimensionality of stress adaptation mean?

Answer 24

species adaptation ability is more limited the more stresses there are so reducing number of stresses can aid species in evolving

Question 25

What measures can be taken to aid in adapting to climate change?

Answer 25

• Reduce the dimensionality of stress adaptation • Maintain large population sizes STOP THE CHANGE