L12: Canine And Feline Vax Recommendations (Wuerz) Flashcards
(36 cards)
Pros and cons of inactivated or non-infectious vaccines
Pros:
- NO replication in host
- no return to virulence
- safer for pregnant, neonate, immunocompromised
- purified subunit less allergenic
- recombinant protein unable to replicate
Cons:
- needs more boosters
- higher Ag mass
- requires adjuvant
- shorter DOI
When do maternal Ab disappear? When is the earliest we can give a vaccine and not have maternal Ab interfere?
By 16 wks of age.
6 wks old give vaccine
Host factors for vaccination failure
- host diseased
- maternal interference
- unable to respond
Human factors for vax failure:
- improper protocol
- vax interference
- improper mixing, route
- improper disinfectants
- concurrent antimicrobials, immunosuppressives
Vaccine factors for vax failure
- improper storage
- contamination
- excessive attenuation
- reversion to virulence
Important time concerns for appropriate vaccine response**
Golden time period = 3-5 days post vaccination (if something very traumatic happens during this time period, may need to re-vaccinate later)
**Don’t vaccinate with ANY vaccine w/n 2 wks of initial immune system stimulation, regardless of # of antigens used at initial exposure
NON-immunologic adverse vaccine reactions
- cutaneous granuloma/vasculitis
- systemic fever and malaise
- “febrile limping syndrome in cats”
- neoplasia
- fetal resorption
- vaccine associated disease of young Akitas and hypertrophic osteodystrophy and juvenile cellulitis in Weimaraners
IMMUNOLOGIC adverse vaccine reactions
Type I (anaphylaxis) - minutes Type II (IMHA) - days Type III (blue eye/uveitis or immune complex disease)
All adverse vaccine events should be reported to:**
USDA, vaccine manufacturer
Blue eye
Uveitis in response to adenovirus type I
What type of vaccine busts through maternal Ab faster: recombinant or MLV?
Recombinant
Safe to give lepto and lyme vaccine in young puppies (8 wks)?
Not really. Maternal Ab will likely interfere, and they are bigger proteins and more likely to cause a vaccine reaction
Required vaccines for health certs for sale of dogs
- DA2PP
- Rabies (if old enough)
- Bordetella
- fecal
- deworming for hooks and rounds
Required vaccines for health certs for sale of cats
- FVRCP
- Rabies (if old enough)
- fecal
- deworming for hooks and rounds
Pros and cons of modified live attenuated vaccines
Pros:
- rapid immunity, lasts longer
- replicates in host cells so less Ag mass so has fewer reactions and stimulates cell immunity better
Cons:
- revert to virulence possible
- immunosuppression
Juvenile response to vaccine affected by:
- maternal Ab titer
- parasitism present
- environmental factors
- health of the individual
Vaccination sites for lepto,, FeLV, Lyme, FVRCP, DA2PP, Rabies
Rabies: right rear
FeLV/Lyme: left rear
Lepto: Left front
FVRCP/DA2PP: right front
*avoid intrascapular region, go as distal as possible
FVRCP vaccine covers which dz
Herpes
Calicivirus
Panleukopenia
*CORE vaccine
Efficacy of FVRCP
- lessens CS only for herpes and calicivirus
- highly effective for panleukopenia
- cerebellar hypoplasia
- cross protects to parvovirus
- MLV killed parenteral most commonly used
- MLV intranasal causes CS
Efficacy of rabies vaccine
- complete immunity
- core vaccine
- legally required in the US unless have certificate of exemption
- recombinant killed, adjuvanted vaccine
- only vaccine controlled by the FDA
- give at 12-16 weeks of age (16 weeks best)
FeLV vaccine
- core for kittens only
- recommended for at risk adults: outdoor cats, or have new/foster cats come into the house
- MLV parenteral or recombinant parenteral vaccine
Highest risk of FeLV in what age cats?***
Less than 1 year old
Non-core feline vaccines
- Chlamydophila felis
- Bordetella bronchiseptica
- FIV
Chlamydophila felis vaccine (skipped over)
- offers incomplete protection
- reactions not uncommon
- should vaccinate at >3 wks of age, then repeat in 2-4 wks if kitten was
