L1.2 haematopoesis Flashcards

(49 cards)

1
Q

whats in normal peripheral blood

A

platelts, white cells, RBC

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2
Q

what is haematopoiesis (HMP)

A

blood cell production

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3
Q

where does HMP occur in infants

A

in all bone-bone marrow

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4
Q

where does HMP occur in adults

A

bone marrow- axial sketelton

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5
Q

pathway from LTHSC to mature cells

A

LTHSC>multipotent progenitors>oligopotent progenitors>lineage commited proginators> mature cells

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6
Q

stem cell meaning

A

can divide infinetiityl, self renew and give rise to specialised, diff cells

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7
Q

what is multi potent cells

A

rise to diff cell depending on the organ they devrive from

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8
Q

what is pluripotent cells

A

rise to any kind of cells regardless of organ and location

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9
Q

what technique can detect stem cell and progenitor

A

functional assay

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10
Q

what technique can detect precursor and mature cells

A

by routine marrow staining

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11
Q

when does HMP start after fertilisation

A

after 17 days

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12
Q

types of blood cells

A

RBCS, platelets, WBC

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13
Q

types of WBC s

A

lymphoid and myeloid cells

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14
Q

types of lymphocyates

A

T, B, NK cells

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15
Q

where does T cells develop

A

start in bone marrow then migrate to thymus to develop

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16
Q

where does b cells develop

A

in bone marrow

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17
Q

where does NK cell develpo

A

bone marrow

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18
Q

how to distinguish stages of granulocyte maturation stages

A

N:c ratio

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19
Q

what are monocyte maturation stages

A

monoblast>promonocyte>monocyte

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20
Q

what is innate immunity

A

barriers that keep harmful materials from entering your body

21
Q

what does neutrophils contain to get rid of bacterial infections

A

lysosome and myeloperoxidase

22
Q

what infection are eosinophils involved in

A

parasite infections - not phagoctic

23
Q

what do monocytes become after migrating to tissues from bloof

24
Q

are monocytes phagoctic

25
what do RBC lose as they mature
nucleus
26
What cell of erythropoiesis have RNA and why
reticulocytes - to make HB before maturing into RBC
27
what organ control erythropoieiss
kidney | -has O2 sensing cells
28
what is megakaryopoiesis
production of platelets in bone marrow
29
what regulate platelet production
TPO | -Thromobiopoitein
30
do platelets have a nucleus
no but have granules for controlling clotting
31
how are platelets removed
macrophages in spleen and liver
32
why are transcription factors important for HMP
activation and repression of the gene sequences leads to diff mature cells
33
why is marrow niche important for HMP
prodives important signal for HMP like having SNS neurones, cytokines, growth factors
34
what structures are growth factors and cytokines and the effects of them
glycoporteins | - have effects on activating or supressing proliferation, maturation, functioning and inhibition of apopotosis
35
meaning of suffix penia
too few
36
meaning cytosis
too many
37
how to identify HMP cells
using monocolnal AB to bind to cell markers on HMP cells | - this is immunophenotyping
38
how to evaluate and check HMP process
get bone marrow biospy
39
leukaemias meaning
cancerous hMP cells in marrow spreading to blood, lymph nodes, spleen
40
lymophomas meaning
cancerous lymphoid cells rising in lymph nodes or spleen and spread to blood and marrow
41
myelomas
cancerous tumour of plasma cells
42
what does maturation arrest of RBCs cause
acute leukaemia (AML)
43
what happends if there's no maturation arrest
over production of mature cells | -chronic leukaemia (CML)
44
how can you use erythrocytes in clinical setting
transfusion - last 1 month
45
how can you use platelets in clinical setting
transfusion - lasts few days
46
how can you use HMP stem cells in clinical setting
transplants - last for life
47
how can you use erythropoitein in clinical setting
through injections to improve anaemia so transfusions not needed
48
how can you use G-CSF in clinical setting
prevents primary or secondayr infections like chemo
49
how can you use thrombopoitein in clinical setting
receptor agonist for facilitating blood production by using drugs like romiplotism