L15 - Membrane trafficking in Disease

Question 1

What does COP1 do?

Answer 1

COP1 moves material forward and backward. Has newly synthesised proteins but also proteins being retrieved

Question 2

What is Clathrin (TGN)

Answer 2

Clathrin (TGN) is a major sorting station and material has moved through the golgi

Question 3

What do adaptor proteins do?

Answer 3

-Recognise and select the cargo ensuring specificity
-Allow the concentrations of the cargo into a budding vesicle

Question 4

What are signals in transmembrane proteins recognised by?

Answer 4

-They are recognised by AP2 (major Cathrin adaptor)

Question 5

What is Cranio-lenticulo-sutural dysplasia caused by?

Answer 5

-Caused by a SEC23A mutation leading to abnormal endoplasmic reticulum to golgi trafficking

Question 6

What happens in Cranio-lenticulo-sutural dysplasia?

Answer 6

-There is a problem with packaging the cargo into COP2 vesicles in the endoplasmic reticulum
-Causes the ER to massively increase in size as there is an issue with forming COP2 vesicles at the level of the ER

Question 7

What does a liposome binding assay do?

Answer 7

-this takes purified lipids and turn them into vesicles
-see if they can recruit coats
-liposome is incubated with sar1
-float up to a particular level and see what is still bound

Question 8

What is the Rap family required for?

Answer 8

-Required for fusion and many other trafficking functions

Question 9

What are the roles of Rab in fusion?

Answer 9

-Rab that is in GTP form will recruit a tethering protein which are associated with organelles and wiggle out in the cytoplasm and the tether facilities help the SNARE complex to form
-Pull in vesicles and close to the target membrane

Question 10

What do Rab facades do?

Answer 10

-Allow movement of cargo between organelles
-Delivers content to the late endosomes