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L17 Pharmacology: Anti-Cancer Drugs Flashcards

(21 cards)

1
Q

Which anticancer drug class is the most cardiotoxic?

A

Anthracyclines

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2
Q

alkylating agents

A

same MOA: but differ greatly in PK, lipid solubility, chemical reactivity and properties of membrane transport

  • nitrogen mustards: cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide
  • platinum analogues: carboplatin, cisplatin
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3
Q

does the different alkylating agent classes show cross-resistance?

A

no!

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4
Q

platinum analogues with hypersensitivity toxicities

A

carboplatin, oxaliplatin

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5
Q

platinium analogue with most nephrotoxicity

A

cisplatin

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6
Q

less cardiotoxic anthracycline/analogue

A

mitoxantrone, liposomal doxorubicin

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7
Q

cardiac protectant

A

dexrazoxane

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8
Q

oxaliplatin is only stable in

A

D5W, not NS

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9
Q

How to premedicate cholinergic syndorme induced by irinotecan?

A

IV/SC atropine 0.25-1mg

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10
Q

riskfactors for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity

A
  1. cumulative dose, 2. adm schedule (high peaks), 3. age (v young/old), 4. mediastinal radiation, 5. known cardiac disease
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11
Q

max dose of vincristine

A

2mg weekly, else may cause peripheral neuropathy

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12
Q

which anticancer drug result in constipatioN?

A

vincristine: ileus

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13
Q

premedication for paclitaxel

A

prevention of hypersensitivity

- H1/2-blocker, corticosteroids

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14
Q

exception for paclitaxel, does not require pre med

A

albumin stabilised nanoparticle version (Abraxane)

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15
Q

premedication for docetaxel

A

prevention of edema, caused by incr capillary permeability
- dexamethasone starting on the day before chemo, min 3 doses (continuing for 2 additional days) to recuce incidence and severity of fluid retention

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16
Q

tamoxifen is indicated for

A

treatment of estrogen-pos breast cancer

17
Q

tamoxifen MOA

A

inhibit nuclear binding of estrogen receptor, block estrogen stimulating breast cancer cells

18
Q

are delayed anticancer drug toxicities reversible?

A

occurs months to years after treatment, may be irreversible

19
Q

prevention/mgmt of neurotoxicity caused by ifosfamide

A
  • avoid use in elderly/renal dysfunction
  • prolong infusion time
  • avoid concomittant use with cns active drugs
  • discont or decrease dose at onset of sx
  • methylene blue (inhibit MAO metabolism to chloroactealdeyhde)
20
Q

is topoisomerase I inhibitor MOA irreversible?

A

no, reversible - substrate of cleavable complexes

21
Q

is topoisomerase II inhibitor MOA irreversible?

A

yes, covalent complexes formed