L2: Gram Positive Bacteria Flashcards
(25 cards)
For staphylococcus and Micrococcus, what would the CATALASE test result be?
Catalase POSITIVE.
Name three genus’ that are gram positive. (SMS)
Staphylococcus
Micrococcus
Streptococcus
Are staphylococcus and micrococcus aerobic or anaerobic?
AEROBIC.
If an O/F test is done, what would the results show for Micrococcus and staphylococcus?
M - obligate aerobe
S - facultative aerobe
Name the infections caused by Staphylococcus? BAPPIM
Boils, Acne Pimples Pneumonia Impetigo Mengitis
Name the extra cellular enzyme that ‘Staphylococcus aureus’ can produce and what does it do?
Coagulase
—> coagulates fibrin to form clots.
What are the two toxins that Staphylococcus aureus can produce?
Enterotoxin
Leukocidin
What does leukocidin do?
Causes cell destruction and pus formation.
What is the main thing that Staphylococcus aureus can do?
Produce extra cellular toxins or enzymes
What can enterotoxins do?
Staphylococcal enterotoxin A
Foodbourne illnesses
–> food poisoning
What is one of the main infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus?
Toxic shock syndrome.
Which nonsporulating gram positive bacteria causes toxic shock syndrome?
Staphylococcus aureus
Name the symptoms of toxic shock syndrome? FVRDD
High fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhoea, death
What is MRSA?
METHICILLIN RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus
How does MRSA happen?
Overuse of antibiotics
–> lowered resistance.
What plates can be used to subdivide the genus streptococcus?
BLOOD AGAR plates.
What is beta haemolysis?
When there is a large zone is complete lysis.
Blood agar plates
What is alpha haemolysis?
When there are colonies with greenish or brownish zones.
Blood agar plates
Name 2 streptococcal disease bacteria?
Streptococcus pyogenes.
Streptococcus pharyngitis.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What are the main symptoms of streptococcus pharyngitis?
Severe sore throat Enlarged tonsils Mild fever Tonsillar exudate Tender cervical lymph nodes
What is one infection that Streptococcus pyogenes can cause? (S)
Scarlet fever
Why does streptococcus pyogenes cause scarlet fever?
Because some of its strains carry a LYSOGENIC BACTERIOPHAGE that encodes for the EXOTOXINS responsible for scarlet fever.
What is EXOTOXINS responsible for?
The symptoms of scarlet fever:
Pink/red RASH
Fever
Damage to small blood vessels
What is one infection that Streptococcus pyogenes can cause? (N)
Necrotising fasciitis
Flesh eating bacteria
