(L2, L4) Cholinergic Drugs Flashcards by Connor Patrick

ACh is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- direct acting cholinergic agent, choline ester
2- quaternary ammonium
3- cholinergic agonist
4- rapid miosis after lens delivery in cataract surgery & for other procedures where rapid miosis is required

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________ is used for rapid miosis after lens delivery in cataract surgery & for other procedures where rapid miosis is required

ACh (cholinergic agonist)

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Bethanechol is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- direct acting cholinergic agent, choline ester
2- quaternary ammonium
3- muscarinic agonist
4- postoperative / postpartum urinary retention and bladder atony

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________ is used for postoperative / postpartum urinary retention and bladder atony

bethanechol (muscarinic agonist)

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Carbachol is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- direct acting cholinergic agent, choline ester
2- quaternary ammonium
3- nicotinic and muscarinic agonist
4- miosis during surgery and to reduce intraocular pressure after cataract surgery

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________ is used for miosis during surgery and to reduce intraocular pressure after cataract surgery

carbachol (nicotinic + muscarinic agonist)

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Methacholine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- direct acting cholinergic agent, choline ester
2- quaternary ammonium
3- muscarinic agonist
4- Asthma Dx

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________ is used in the diagnosis of not clinically apparent asthma (explain)

methacholine (muscarinic agonist): stimulates M3 activation => brochoconstriction (+ inc secretions); a FCV drop by 20% indicates asthma

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Pilocarpine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- direct-acting cholinergic agent, natural alkaloid
2- tertiary amine
3- partial muscarinic agonist
4- 2nd line agent in open angle glaucoma, acute angle glaucoma management, and dry mouth in patients undergoing chemotherapy in head/neck tumors or with Sjogren’s syndrome

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________ is used as a 2nd line agent in open angle glaucoma, acute angle glaucoma management, and dry mouth in patients undergoing chemotherapy in head/neck tumors or with Sjogren’s syndrome

pilocarpine (partial muscarinic agonist)

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Nicotine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- direct-acting cholinergic agent, natural alkaloid OR ganglion blocker
2- tertiary amine
3- nicotinic agonist (depolarizing agent: stimulation (low doses) followed by paralysis (high doses))
4- smoking cessation (no other uses)

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Edrophonium is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist
2- quaternary ammonium
3- cholinesterase inhibitor
4- myasthenia gravis Dx, reverse neuromuscular block by non-depolarizing blocker

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_______ is used in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and to reverse neuromuscular block by non-depolarizing blocker

edrophonium (anti-AChE)

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Physostigmine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, carbamate
2- tertiary amine
3- cholinesterase inhibitor
4- Tx for anti-cholinergic overdoses

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_________ is used to treat overdoses of anti-cholinergic drugs

physostigmine (anti-AChE)

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Neostigmine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, carbamate
2- quaternary ammonium
3- cholinesterase inhibitor
4- myasthenia gravis Tx, reverse effects of non-depolarizing blocker after surgery, post-operative urinary retention

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________ is used to treat myasthenia gravis, reverse effects of non-depolarizing blocker after surgery, and post-operative urinary retention

neostigmine (anti-AChE)

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Pyridostigmine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, carbamate
2- quaternary ammonium
3- cholinesterase inhibitor
4- myasthenia gravis Tx

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________ is used to treat myasthenia gravis

-pyridostigmine (its only function)
-neostigmine (has other functions)
[edrophonium for Dx]

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Echothiophate is (1) type cholinergic drug with a (2) MOA. It is used for the following: (3).

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1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, organophosphate
2- cholinesterase inhibitor
3- glaucoma Tx (rarely)

______ is rarely used in glaucoma treatment

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echothiophate (anti-AChE)

Parathion and Melathion are (1) type cholinergic drugs with a (2) MOA. It is used for the following: (3).

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1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, organophosphate
2- cholinesterase inhibitor
3- insecticides

________ are used as insecticides

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parathion, malathion (anti-AChE)

Sarin is (1) type cholinergic drug with a (2) MOA. It is used for the following: (3).

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1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, organophosphate
2- cholinesterase inhibitor
3- nerve agent, chemical warfare

_________ is a serious nerve agent (used in warfare)

sarin gas (anti-AChE)

Atropine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist 2- tertiary amine 3- reversible competitive 4- antispasmodic (GI, bladder), antidote for cholinergic agonists / muscarinic mushrooms, blocks respiratory secretions before surgery

_______ is used as an antispasmodic (GI, bladder), antidote for cholinergic agonists / muscarinic mushrooms, and blocks respiratory secretions before surgery

atropine (reversible competitive muscarinic antagonist)

Scopolamine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist 2- tertiary amine 3- reversible competitive 4- prevent motion sickness, induce mydriasis/cycloplegia in Dx procedures, blocks short-term memory with anesthetias

_________ is used to prevent motion sickness, induce mydriasis/cycloplegia in diagnostic procedures, and blocks short-term memory (used in anesthetic procedures)

scopolamine (reversible competitive muscarinic antagonist)

Ipratropium and Tiotropium are (1) type cholinergic drugs in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form. It is used for the following: (3).

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist 2- quaternary ammonium 3- COPD, asthma attacks

________ is used to treat COPD and asthma attacks

ipratropium, tiotropium (muscarinic antagonist, inhalant)

Homatropine and Tropicamide are (1) type cholinergic drugs in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form. It is used for the following: (3).

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist 2- tertiary amine 3- mydriasis in fundoscopy exam

________ is used for mydriasis in fundoscopy exam

homatropine, tropicamide (muscarinic antagonist)

Benzotropine and Trihexyphenidyl are (1) type cholinergic drugs in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form. It is used for the following: (3).

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist 2- tertiary amine 3- Parkinson's disease, reverse extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotic drugs

_________ is used to treat Parkinson's disease and to reverse extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotics

benzotropine, trihexyphenidyl (muscarinic antagonist)

Glycopyrrolate is (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

1- muscarinic antagonist | 2- inhibit GI motility (orally), prevent bradycardia during surgical procedures (parenterally)

________ is used to inhibit GI motility and prevent bradycardia during surgical procedures

glycopyrrolate (muscarinic antagonist)

Tolterodine is (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

1- muscarinic antagonist | 2- overactive bladder Tx

________ is used to treat overactive bladder

tolterodine (muscarinic antagonist)

Hexamethonium and Mecamylamine are (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

1- nicotinic antagonists, ganglion blockers | 2- hexamethonium used to be used for HTN

________ used to be HTN medicine, but had very little therapeutic effects

hexamethonium (nicotinic antagonist)

Tubocararine is (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

1- competitive nicotinic (Nm) antagonist, NMJ non-depolarizing blocker 2- during surgery to relax skeletal muscles

_______ is an adjuvant used in anesthesia to relax skeletal muscles during surgery

tubocararine (competitive nicotinic (Nm) antagonist, NMJ non-depolarizing blocker)

Succinylcholine is (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

1- nicotinic (Nn) agonist, NMJ depolarizing blocker | 2- rapid endotracheal intubation, ECT

_______ is used for rapid endotracheal intubation and ECT (electro-convulsion therapy)

succinylcholine

________ is a ACh inhibitor used as a research tool

- hemicholinium-3 (ACh synthesis inhibitor via CHT inhibition) - Vesamicol (ACh storage inhibitor via VChAT inhibition)

(1) blocks ACh synthesis by (2) MOA and is used for (3)

1- hemicholinium-3 2- CHT inhibition 3- research

(1) blocks ACH storage by (2) MOA and is used for (3)

1- vesamicol 2- VChAT inhibition 3- research

(1) inhibits ACh release from pre-synaptic neuron in order to treat (2)

1- botulinum toxin | 2- muscle spasm diseases (blepharospasm), facial wrinkles

(L2, L4) Cholinergic Drugs Flashcards

(49 cards)