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PT Course > L2 Muscles Webinar > Flashcards

L2 Muscles Webinar Flashcards

To have an understanding of the level 2 muscles, their origins, insertions and actions.

1
Q

What is an origin?

A

The proximal attachment point of a muscle- the static end

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2
Q

What is an insertion?

A

The distal attachment point of a muscle- the moving end

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3
Q

What is the origin of the deltoids?

A

Clavicle and scapula

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4
Q

What is the insertion of the deltoids?

A

Humerus

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5
Q

What are the actions of the deltoids?

A

Abduction of arm

Flexion & Extension of shoulder

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6
Q

What is the origin of the biceps brachii?

A

Scapula

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7
Q

What is the insertion of the biceps brachii?

A

Radius

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8
Q

What are the actions of the biceps brachii?

A

Flexion of the elbow
Supination of the forearm
Flexion of the shoulder

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9
Q

What is the origin of the triceps brachii?

A

Two heads to Humerus

Long head to scapula

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10
Q

What is the insertion of the triceps brachii?

A

Ulna

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11
Q

What are the actions of the triceps brachii?

A

Extension of elbow

Extension of shoulder

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12
Q

What are the origins of the latissimus doors?

A

Lower thoracic vertebrae,
Lumbar vertebrae,
Ilium

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13
Q

What are the insertions of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Adduction of arm

Shoulder extension

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14
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius?

A

Base of skull, cervical spine, thoracic vertebrae

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the trapezius?

A

Clavicle and scapula

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16
Q

What are the actions of the trapezius?

A

Elevation of shoulder girdle
Retraction of shoulder girdle
Depression of shoulder girdle

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17
Q

What is the origin of the rhomboid minor?

A

Spinous processes of C7-T1

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18
Q

What is the origin of rhomboid major?

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5

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19
Q

What is the insertion of rhomboid minor?

A

Medial border of scapula

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20
Q

What is the insertion of rhomboid major?

A

Medial border and inferior angle of scapula

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21
Q

What is the action of the rhomboids?

A

Retraction of the shoulder girdle

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22
Q

What is the origin of the pectoralis major?

A

Clavicle and sternum

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23
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

A

Humerus

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24
Q

What are the actions of the pectoralis major?

A

Horizontal flexion of arm

Adduction of shoulder

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25
Q

What are the origins of the erector spinae muscles?

A

Sacrum
Ilium
Ribs
Vertebrae

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26
Q

What are the insertion of the erector spinae muscles?

A

Ribs
Vertebrae
Occipital bone

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27
Q

What are the actions of the erector spinae?

A

Extension and lateral flexion of the spine

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28
Q

What is the origin of the rectus abdominis?

A

Pubis

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29
Q

What is the insertion of the rectus abdominis?

A

Sternum

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30
Q

What are the actions of the rectus abdominis?

A

Flexion of spine

Lateral flexion of spine

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31
Q

Which direction to the internal obliques run in?

A

Diagonally and horizontally

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32
Q

What is the origin of the internal obliques?

A

Ribs and ilium

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33
Q

What is the insertion of the internal obliques?

A

Ilium, pubis, ribs, linea alba

34
Q

What are the actions of the internal obliques?

A

Rotation and lateral flexion of the spine

35
Q

What is the origin of the external obliques?

A

Ribs

36
Q

What are the insertion of the external obliques?

A

Ilium and pubis

37
Q

What are the actions of the external obliques?

A

Rotation and lateral flexion of the spine

38
Q

What is the origin of the transversus abdominis?

A

Iliac crest and lumbar fascia

39
Q

What is the insertion of the transverses abdominis?

A

pubis and linea alba

40
Q

What is the action of the transversus abdominis?

A

Support of internal organs, forced expiration, reduced injury risk

41
Q

What is the origin of the diaphragm?

A

Sternum, costal cartilages and lumbar vertebrae

42
Q

What is the insertion of the diaphragm?

A

Central tendon

43
Q

What is the action of the diaphragm?

A

Depresses and aids in expiration

44
Q

What is the origin of the intercostals?

A

Ribs and costal cartilages

45
Q

What is the insertion of the intercostals?

A

Superior border of the next rib below

46
Q

What are the actions of the intercostals?

A

elevation of ribs and aids in expiration

47
Q

What are the two hip flexors?

A

Psoas major and iliacus

48
Q

What are the origins of the hip flexors?

A

ilium and lumbar vertebrae

49
Q

What are the insertions of the hip flexors?

A

femur

50
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus maximus?

A

Ilium

51
Q

What is the insertion of the gluteus maximus?

A

Femur

52
Q

What are the actions of the gluteus maximus?

A

Extension and external rotation of the hip

53
Q

What are the abductors?

A

Gluteus medius and minimus

54
Q

What is the origin of the abductors?

A

Ilium

55
Q

What is the insertion of the abductors?

A

Femur

56
Q

What are the actions of the abductors?

A

abduction and internal rotation of the hip

57
Q

What are the hip adductors?

A

Adductor magnus
Adductor Longus
Adductor brevis

58
Q

What is the origin of the adductors?

A

Pubis and ischium

59
Q

What is the insertion of the adductors?

A

Femur

60
Q

What are the actions of the adductors?

A

Adduction of the hip

61
Q

What are the 4 quadriceps?

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis

62
Q

What is the origin of rectus femoris?

A

Ilium

63
Q

What is the insertion of the rectus femoris?

A

Tibia

64
Q

Why is rectus femoris different to the other quadriceps?

A

It is the only one to cross the hip joint

65
Q

What is the origin of the vastus muscles?

A

Femur

66
Q

What is the insertion of the vas’s muscles?

A

Tibia

67
Q

What are the actions of the quadriceps?

A

Extension of the knee and flexion of the hip (rectus femoris only)

68
Q

What are the hamstring muscles?

A

Biceps Femoris
Semi-tendinosus
Semi-membranosus

69
Q

What is the origin of the hamstrings?

A

Ischium and femur

70
Q

What is the insertion of the hamstring muscles?

A

Tibia and fibula

71
Q

What are the actions of the hamstring muscles?

A

Extension of hip and flexion of knee

72
Q

What is the origin of the gastrocnemius?

A

Femur

73
Q

What is the insertion of gastrocnemius?

A

Calcaneus

74
Q

What is the action of gastrocnemius?

A

Plantarflexion of ankle

Knee flexion

75
Q

What is the origin of the soleus?

A

Tibia

76
Q

What is the insertion of soleus?

A

calcaneus

77
Q

What is the action of the soleus?

A

Plantarflexion of ankle

78
Q

What is the origin of tibialis anterior?

A

Tibia

79
Q

What is the insertion of tibialis anterior?

A

Metatarsals and tarsals

80
Q

What are the actions of the tibialis anterior?

A

Dorsiflexion and inversion of the ankle

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