L20: Integument

Question 1

list layers from epidermis to hypodermis

Answer 1

epidermis
BM
dermis
subcutaneous fat
superficial fascia
hypodermis

Question 2

list the layers of the epidermis

Answer 2

stratum basale
spinosum
granulosum
lucidum
corneum
cornified cell envelope

Question 3

the germinativum is another name for ?

Answer 3

stratum basale

Question 4

stratum basale

Answer 4

deepest layer
single layer of cells held together by desmosomes

hemidesmosomes hold to the basal lamina
location of stem cells

Question 5

stratum spinosum

Answer 5

prickle cell layer
keratin present
lamellar bodies
tonofibrils

Question 6

lamellar bodies

Answer 6

membrane coating granules

Question 7

tonofibrils

Answer 7

form intercellular bridges

Question 8

stratum granulosum

Answer 8

granular cell layer
multilayered - flattened nucleated keratinocytes
lamellar bodies
tonofilaments

Question 9

stratum lucidum

Answer 9

absent in thin skin
flat keratinocytes - no nuclei or organelles present
contains eleiden

Question 10

stratum corneum

Answer 10

most superficial
multilayered 5 -50
fully keratinized

Question 11

describe keratinization

Answer 11

entire cell is filled w/ keratin

keratin cross linking w/ filaggrin

Question 12

cornified cell envelope

Answer 12

extracell - multi lamellar lipid layer

intracell - involucrine and fillagrin

Question 13

involucrine

Answer 13

small proline-rich proteins

Question 14

filaggrin

Answer 14

cross link keratin

Question 15

describe the 2 layers of the dermis

Answer 15

1. papillary layer - loose elastic CT - separated from epidermis by basal lamina
   abundant capillaries
2. reticular layer - dense irregular CT w/ cells

Question 16

cells of the reticular dermis layer

Answer 16

fibrocytes
macrophages
adipocytes

Question 17

characteristics of the hypodermis

Answer 17

loose CT
underlying the dermis
= superficial fascia
not apart of skin
may contain fat cells

Question 18

location of thick skin vs. thin skin

Answer 18

thick = palms and soles of feet - hairless

everything else = thin skin

Question 19

primary dermal ridges are used for

Answer 19

finger printing

are found every where except forehead, ear, perineum and scrotum

divide into 2 secondary dermal ridges

Question 20

interpapillary peg

Answer 20

downward growth of epidermis along crests

Question 21

secondary dermal ridges

Answer 21

occur in double rows and branches

thin collagenous, reticular and elastic fibers

Question 22

dermal papillae

Answer 22

upward projection from each secondary dermal ridge

Question 23

epidermal permeability barrier

Answer 23

lipids covalently linked to involucrine between cells

water tight barrier

Question 24

tight junctions in the ______ contribute to ?

Answer 24

granulosum

water tight barrier

Question 25

Langerhans cells

Answer 25

= dendritic cells primarily found in spinosum - migrating from epidermis to lymph nodes contain birbeck granules

Question 26

merkel cells

Answer 26

mechanoreceptors germinativum contain catecholamine-like granules

Question 27

melanocytes

Answer 27

do not form desmosome attchments in epidermis inject melanin granules into keratinocytes

Question 28

embryonic origins of the epidermis and dermis

Answer 28

ectoderm dermis - mesoderm

Question 29

sebaceous glands are _____ glands - meaning they will die w/ their secretions

Answer 29

holocrine are associated w/ a hair follicle into which they release they secretions

Question 30

sebaceous glands are found everywhere in the epidermis except

Answer 30

palms and soles

Question 31

sudoriferous glands are also known as

Answer 31

sweat glands can be merocrine or apocrine

Question 32

merocrine - sudoriferous glands

Answer 32

coiled, simple tubular secretory portions w/ myoepithelial cells

Question 33

where are apocrine sudoriferous glands found

Answer 33

labia majora areola axillary anal regions

Question 34

special types of sudoriferous apocrine glands

Answer 34

ceruminous glands - ear wax | glands of moll

Question 35

components of hair follicles

Answer 35

external root sheath internal root sheath hair shaft hair bulb

Question 36

list sensory receptors in the skin

Answer 36

Meissner's corpuscle | pacini corpuscle

Question 37

external root sheath of hair vs. internal root sheath

Answer 37

ext - down growth of epidermis in - generated by bulb matrix

Question 38

layers of the internal root sheath

Answer 38

Henle's layer - outmost Huxley's layer cuticle

Question 39

hair shafts

Answer 39

innermost medulla outer cortex cuticle

Question 40

hair bulb

Answer 40

expanded lower part of follicle matrix vascularized dermal papilla