L22? Different Diseases (pp.960-962) Flashcards
(27 cards)
Bacillus antracis
Bac
D) Anthrax; respiratory distress, hemorrhage
T) Inhalation/contact with spores
E) Bioterrorism
Borrelia burgdorferi
Bac
D) Lyme disease; rash, fever, neuro/cardiac abnormalities, arthritis
T) Tick bite (ixodes)
E) incr. in deer/human pop in wooded areas
Campylobacter jejuni
Bac
D) Campylobacter enteritis: abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever
T) food, water, milk
E) Increased recognition, consumption of undercooked poultry
Escherichia coli O157:H7
Bac
D) Hemorrhagic colitis, thrombocytopenia
T) undercooked beef, raw milk
E) Development of a new pathogen
Helicobacter pylori
Bac
D) Gastritis, peptic ulcers, stomach cancer
T) food, water, milk infected pets
E) increased recognition
Legionella pneumophila
Bac
D) Legionnaire’s disease: malaise, myalgia, fever, headache, respiratory illness
T) AC, water supplies
E) recognition
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Bac
D) Tuberculosis: cough, weight loss, lung lesions
T) sputum droplets
E) immunosuppression, immunodeficiency (HIV), antimicrobial drug resistance
Streptococcus pyogenes
Bac
D) Scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, TSS
T) carrier/person-person, food
E) change in virulence of bacteria, possibly mutation
Vibrio cholerae
Bac
D) Cholera: severe diarrhea, rapid dehydration
T) water, fecal-oral
E) poor sanitation and hygiene, introduced bilge water from cargo ships
Dengue
Vir
D) Hemorrhagic fever
T) mosqito bite (Aedes aegypti)
E) poor mosquito control, increased urbanization in tropics, increased air travel
Hantaviruses
Vir
D) Abdominal pain, vomiting, hemorrhagic fever
T) inhalation of aerosolized rodent urine/feces
E) human intrusion into virus/rodent ecological niche
Hepatitis B
Vir
D) Nausea, vomiting, jaundice, chronic infection -> liver cancer and cirrhosis
T) fluid of infected person, unknown in children
E) incr. sexual activity and IV drug abuse, transfusion (before 1978)
Hepatitis C
Vir
D) Nausea, vomiting, jaundice, chronic infection -> liver cancer and cirrhosis
T) percutaneous exposure to contam blood or plasma, sexual transmission
E) recognition, blood transfusion in Japan
Human immunodefiency viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2
Vir
D) HIV, AIDS
T) sexual contact, blood-tissue, vertical mom-child
E) urbanization, changes in lifestyle, IV drug use, intnat’l travel
Human papilomavirus
Vir
D) skin and mucous membrane genital warts, cancer of cervix/penis
T) direct contact (sexual/surface)
E) incr surveillance/reportiong
Influenza
Vir
D) fever, headache, cough, pneumonia,
T) airborne, especially crowded enclosed space
E) animal-human reassortment, antigenic shift
Measles
Vir
D) fever, conjunctivitis, cough, red blotchy rash
T) airborne, direct contact resp. secretions
E) deterioration of public health infrastructure supporting immunization
Rabies
Vir
D) Acute viral encephalomyelitis
T) rabid animal bite; contact with infected neural tissue
E) intro of infected host reservoir to new areas
Rotavrius
Vir
D) enteritis: diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, low grade fever
T) fecal-oral, fecal-respiratory
E) increased recognition
West Nile Virus
Vir
D) meningitis, encephalitis
T) Culex pipiens mosquito and avian hosts
E) agriculture development, incr mosquito breading areas, rapid spread to nonimmune populations
Yellow fever
Vir
D) fever, headache, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting
T) mosquito bite (Aedes aegypti)
E) lack of mosquito control and vaccination, urbanization in tropics, increased air travel
Candida
Fung
D) candidiasis: fungal infection of GI tract, vagina, & oral
T) endogenous flora, contact with secretions of infected person
E) immunosuppression, medical devices (catheters), Ab use
Cryptosporidium
Prot
D) Cryptosporidiosis: infection of epithelial cells of GI and resp tracts
T) fecal-oral, person-to-person, waterborne
E) development near watershed arreas, immunosuppresion
Giardia intestinalis
Prot
D) giardiasis, infection of upper small intestine, diarrhea, bloating
T) fecal (food/water)-oral
E) inadequate control in water supply systems, immunosuppression, international travel
