L3 - Blood Flashcards
(22 cards)
what are the 3 types of specialized cellular elements
erythrocytes
leukocytes
platelets
what is the function of water in plasma
it acts as a transport medium and carries and distributes heat
what are electrolytes
ions dissolved in blood
what is blood pH
7.4
why is venous blood slightly more acidic than arterial blood
CO2 and the dissociation of H+ ions
where are plasma proteins synthesized
in the liver
what is the most abundant plasma protein
albumin
what does albumin do
it contributes to the colloid osmotic pressure
what is angiotensin involved in
salt/water balance and blood concentration
what is the life cycle of an erythrocyte
120 days
where is erythropoietin produced
the kidney
what does erythropoietin do
stimulated red blood cell production
what is hemolysis
the breakdown of red blood cells
what is an example of positive feedback
blood clotting
what are platelets
cell fragments
nutritional anaemia - causes
iron deficiency
pernicious anaemia - causes
inability to absorb B12 from GIT due to deficiency of an intrinsic factor
aplastic anaemia
failure of the bone marrow to produce enough rbcs
renal anaemia
reduced rbc production due to impaired EPO production due to kidney disease
haemorrhagic anaemia
caused by losing a lot of blood
haemolytic anaemia
caused by a rupture of rbcs
from malaria / sickle cell disease
what is thromboembolism
abnormal blood clotting
