L4 - India's Kuznet Curve Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in L4 - India's Kuznet Curve Deck (19)
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1
Q

How many stages are there in the Kuznet Curve?

A

There are 3 stages.

2
Q

What is the first stage?

A

Pre-Industrial Economies

3
Q

What is the second stage?

A

Industrial Economies

4
Q

What is the third and final stage?

A

Post-Industrial Economies

5
Q

What type of environmental degradation occurs in the first stage?

A

Widespread sewage / some farm pollution.

6
Q

What type of environmental degradation occurs in the second stage?

A

Huge industrial pollution, widespread agricultural pollution (e.g. pesticides).

7
Q

Where is India?

A

Next to Sri Lanka.

8
Q

What type of environmental degradation occurs in the third stage?

A

Improved water quality or legislation introduced.

9
Q

What happens at the turning point in a Kuznet Curve?

A

Environmental degradation decreases.

10
Q

State a type of water pollution.

A

Consumes oxygen and kills organisms / Toxic materials = Poisons river wildlife / Parasites = Old sewage systems will spread disease / Thermal pollution = Reduces oxygen in water

11
Q

What shape is a Kuznet Curve?

A

Curved symmetrically

12
Q

How does the income per capita change as the stages of economic development progresses?

A

The income per capita increases.

12
Q

State a type of pollution and how it effects the environment.

A

Organisms = Cholera, Dysentry / Organic waste = Consumes oxygen and kills organisms / Radioactive material = Leads to cancer

14
Q

Why is oxygen important for the environment.

A

Oxygen is dissolved in
river water biological organisms / Organic waste added = Consumes oxygen and kills organisms / Excess nitrates and fertilisers = Eutrophication

17
Q

State another type of water pollution

A

Consumes oxygen and kills organisms / Toxic materials = Poisons river wildlife / Parasites = Old sewage systems will spread disease / Thermal pollution = Reduces oxygen in water

18
Q

State a type of pollution and how it affects the rivers.

A

Organisms = Cholera, Dysentry / Organic waste = Consumes oxygen and kills organisms / Radioactive material = Leads to cancer

19
Q

What’s the name of the curve that records income per capita?

A

Kuznet Curve

20
Q

What happens when the income per capita decreases?

A

Economic development decreases.

21
Q

What is the Kuznet Curve?

A

The environmental Kuznets curve is a hypothesized relationship between environmental quality and economic development.