L5 - GI System I

Question 1

What are the four structures of the ventral mesentery?

Answer 1

lesser omentum, falciform ligament, coronary ligament, and triangular ligament

Question 2

Which paracolic gutter is easier for contents to pass between? Why?

Answer 2

The right gutter has better flow because the left is partially obstructed by the phrenocolic ligament

Question 3

What separates the greater and lesser sacs?

Answer 3

Epiploic foramen of Winslow

Question 4

What is another name for the hepatorenal recess? What is its significance?

Answer 4

Morrison’s pouch. It is the most dependent part of the abdominal cavity when in the supine position

Question 5

Perforation of an ulcer in the stomach will cause blood loss to where?

Answer 5

Lesser sac

Question 6

What are the subperitoneal organs?

Answer 6

Rectum, bladder, uterus

Question 7

What are the four boundaries of the omental foramen?

Answer 7

1) hepatoduodenal ligament
2) duodenal bulb
3) IVC
4) caudate lobe of liver

Question 8

What are the major retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 8

kidneys, ureters, aorta, IVC, and sympathetic trunks

Question 9

What is an effusion of the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 9

Ascites

Question 10

What lines the intraperitoneal membranes?

Answer 10

Complete covering of visceral peritoneum

Question 11

What is special about the greater omentum?

Answer 11

it contains four layers of peritoneum

Question 12

What is the definition of secondarily retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 12

Organs that are covered on one side by peritoneum

Question 13

How are the supracolic and infracolic compartments connected?

Answer 13

paracolic gutters

Question 14

What is it called when you ligate the hepatoduodenal ligament?

Answer 14

Pringle maneuver

Question 15

What three organs does the supracolic compartment contain?

Answer 15

stomach
liver
spleen

Question 16

The hepatoduodenal ligament contains what?

Answer 16

1) portal vein
2) proper hepatic artery
3) common bile duct

Question 17

What are the major secondarily retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 17

pancreas, parts 2, 3, and 4 of the dudodenum, ascending and descending colon, and rectum

Question 18

What other characteristic is unique to intraperitoneal organs other than being completely covered by peritoneum?

Answer 18

They have a mesentery

Question 19

From which embryonic layer does the parietal peritoneum come from? The visceral peritoneum?

Answer 19

Parietal - somatopleure

Visceral - splanchnopleure

Question 20

Is the peritoneal cavity open? If so, where?

Answer 20

Yes, but in females only through the uterine tubes

Question 21

How many layers of peritoneum does the mesentery have?

Answer 21

It is a double fold of peritoneum

Question 22

Are secondarily retroperitoneal organs fixed or mobile?

Answer 22

Fixed

Question 23

What is inflammation of the peritoneal membranes called?

Answer 23

Peritonitis

Question 24

Between the parietal and visceral peritoneum is considered what?

Answer 24

Potential space, aka peritoneal cavity

Question 25

What organs are found in the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 25

None!

Question 26

What are the four structures of the dorsal mesentery?

Answer 26

splenorenal, gastrosplenic, gastrocolic, and gastrophrenic ligament

Question 27

What is the significance of compressing the hepatoduodenal ligament?

Answer 27

Prevents blood loss into the liver

Question 28

What is air in the peritoneal cavity? Where does it come from?

Answer 28

Pneumoperitoneum from rupture of GI tract