L5.4 Proteobacteria_Gammaproteobacteria

Question 1

Describe the diversity of Gammaproteobacteria

Answer 1

-1500 species
-15 orfers
-largest class
-photo, chemoorgano, chemolitho

Question 2

Metabolic profile of gammaproteobacteria

Answer 2

respiratory or fermentive metabolisms

Question 3

What are the order under gammaproteobacteria

Answer 3

Enterobacteriales
Pseudomonadales
Vibrionales

Question 4

What are the genera unde Enterobacteriales

Answer 4

Enterobacter
Escherichia
Klebsiella
Proteus
Salmonella
Serratia
Shigella

Question 5

Profile of enterobacteriales

Answer 5

facultatively aerobic
Gram -
Non-sporulating bacteria
Nonmotile/petrichous flagella

Question 6

Diagnostic tests for enterobacteriales

Answer 6

Oxidase -
Catalase +

Question 7

Enterobacteriale metabolic characteristics

Answer 7

produce acid from glucose,
reduce nitrate to nitrite
ferment sugar

Question 8

Identification challenges in Enterobacteriales

Answer 8

• genetic similarities
• requires genomic analysis

Question 9

What are the fermentation patterns of enteric bacteria

Answer 9

Mixed-acid Fermentation
2,3-butanediol fermentation

Question 10

Differntiate mixed-acid fermentation to 2,3-butanediol fermentation

Answer 10

Mixed-acid:
acids: acetic, lactic, succinic
products: ethanol, equal C02 and H2

2,3-butanediol fermentation
acids: small amount
products, butanediol, ethanol, more CO2 than H2

Question 11

Mixed acid fermenters

Answer 11

Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, Citrobacter, Proteus, and Yersinia

Question 12

Butanediol fermenters

Answer 12

Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Erwinia and Serratia

Question 13

result of VP test among mixed-acid fermenters and butanediol fermentation

Answer 13

MAF- purple
BF - pink-red

Question 14

Habitat and role of E.cpli

Answer 14

• intestinal tract of warm-blooded animals
  -synthesize vit K

Question 15

metabolic characterisitic of e.coli

Answer 15

minimal growth factor
grow variety of C as energy source

Question 16

Pathogenicity of E.coli

Answer 16

diarrheal diseases
UTI in women
enteropathogenic- GIT infections
Enterohemorrhagic 0157:H7 foodborne disease. (produces enterotoxin)

Question 17

relationship between Salmonella and Escherichia

Answer 17

closely raleted, Salmonella are predominantly pathogenic, Escherichia have diverse roles

Question 18

Pathogenicity of Salmonella

Answer 18

Found in uncooked egg
Causes typhoid fever gastroenteritis
cold-blooded animals (turtles, lizards)

Question 19

Relationship between shigella and escherichia

Answer 19

80% genetically related
due to HGT

Question 20

Pathogenicity of shigella

Answer 20

causes bacillary dysentery

S. dysenteriae- contaminated food produces endotoxin, neurotocin

Question 21

Difference of E.coli and Salmonella in colony in MAC agar

Answer 21

E.coli - red, Lac-, gas formation
Salmonella - lac-, no gas production

Question 22

Characteristics of Proteus

Answer 22

-motile, urease positive
-UTI infections (makyohoo)

Question 23

Describe the motility of Proteus

Answer 23

-swarming motility,
-forms cocentric rings
-petrichous flagella

Question 24

Butanediol fermenters

Answer 24

Enterobacter aerogenes- water, sewage, intestinal tract (UTI)

Klebsiella- cause pneumonia, fix nitrogen, nosocomial, opportunisitc

Serratia- has a pigment called red pyrrole/prodigiosins

found in the gut of insects

Question 25

Order Pseudomonadales metabolic characteristics

Answer 25

exclusively chemoorganotrophic oxidase and catalase positive

Question 26

describe pseudomonads

Answer 26

gram- polarly flagellated aerobic rods

Question 27

P. aeruginosa

Answer 27

- urinary and respiratory tract infections -hospital-acquired -resistant to many antibiotics due to R plasmids -infections in individuals with skin damage/cystic fibrosis

Question 28

P. syringae

Answer 28

plant pathogen release toxin, lytic enzymes, chlorotic lesions

Question 29

Describe vibrionales

Answer 29

-fermentative metabolism - oxidase positive

Question 30

Genera under Vibrionales

Answer 30

Vibrio Aliivibrio Photobacterium

Question 31

Where can vibrionales be found

Answer 31

aquatic, marine, freshwater environments

Question 32

Cause cholera in developing countries

Answer 32

Vibrio cholerae

Question 33

Major cause of gastroentiritis in Japan associated with consumption of raw fish

Answer 33

V. parahaemolyticus

Question 34

habitat of V. parahaemolytics

Answer 34

seafoods, crustaceans, shellfish

Question 35

colony morphology of V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus

Answer 35

cholerae- yellow margin parahaemolyticus- lacks yellow pigment