what is the largest cranial nerve?
trigeminal
where do the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve arise?
trigeminal ganglion
in which region of the skull does the trigeminal ganglion lie?
cranial fossa
the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve exits the cranial fossa through?
superior orbital fissure
the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve exits the cranial fossa through?
foramen rotundum
the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve exits the cranial fossa through?
foramen ovale
after exiting the skull via the superior orbital fissure, where does the ophthalmic division of the trigmeninal nerve enter?
the orbit
after exiting the skull via the foramen rotundum, where does the maxillary division of the trigmeninal nerve enter?
ptergopalatine fossa
after exiting the skull via the foramen ovale, where does the mandicular division of the trigmeninal nerve enter?
infra temporal fossa
what is the function of the trigeminal nerve as a whole?
carry general sensory innverations for most of the head and motor innveravtion to the muscles of mastication
is the ophthalmic nerve sensory or motor?
sensory
the ophthalmic nerve provides innervations to where?
upper eyelid, cornea, conjunctiva, forehead, scalp and part of nasal cavity
is the maxillary nerve sensory or motor ?
sensory
the maxillary nerve provides innervations to?
lower eyelid, cheek, side of nose, part of nasal cavity, upper lip, hard and soft palate, maxillary teeth and gingivae
is the mandibular nerve sensory or motor?
both
the mandibular nerve provides sensory innervations to?
anterior 2/3 tongue (general sensation), tempoauricular skin, side of nose, chin and mandibular teeth
what is the motor function of the mandibular nerve?
muscles of mastication
the ophthalmic nerve can be divided into 3 major branches, name these?
frontal nerve
nasocilliary nerve
lacrimal nerve
nasocilliary branch of the ophthalmic nerve branches into what 3 nerves?
long cilliary nerves
infratrochlear nerve
anterior ethmoidal nerve
fibres from both the ophthalmic nerve and oculomotor synapse in the cilliary ganglion, which carries sympathetic fibres and which carries parasympathetic fibres?
ophthalmic - sympathetic
occulumotor - parasympathetic
the frontal nerve division of the ophthalmic nerve branches further into which 2 nerves?
supraorbital and supratrochlear
the maxillary division of the the trigemnial nerve enters the pterygopalatine fossa through the foramen rotundum and branches into which 5 branches which exit the pterygopalatine fosses via different routes?
greater and lesser palatine nerves posterior superior alveolar nerve infra orbital nerve nasopaltine nerve pharyngeal nerve
greater and lesser palatine nerves of the maxillary division exit the ptergopalatine fossa via?
palatine canal
posterior superior alveolar nerve of the maxillary division exits the ptergopalatine fossa via?
pterygomandibular fissure
infra orbital nerve of the maxillary division exits the ptergopalatine fossa via?
inferior orbital fissure
nano palatinenerve of the maxillary division exits the ptergopalatine fossa via?
sphenopalatine fossa
pharyngeal nerve of the maxillary division exits the ptergopalatine fossa via?
palatovaginal canal
the mandibular nerve is divided into anterior and posterior trunks, what is the function of the anterior trunk?
motor supply to 4 muscles of mastication
buccal branch provides sensory innervation to cheek
the mandibular nerve is divided into anterior and posterior trunks, what is the function of the posterior trunk?
3 main sensory branches - auricolutemporal nerve, inferior alveolar, lingua nerve
motor fibres to mylohyoif muscles and anterior belly of digastric
name the 4 major branches of the mandibular nerve?
auriculotemporal
inferior alveolar
lingual
buccal
fibres from the facial nerve travel in the lingual nerve via what?
chorda tympani
what is the function of fibres from the chorda tympani travelling in the lingual nerve?
carry taste from anterior 2/3 tongue and parasympathetic fibres to submandibular glands via synapse at submandibular ganglion
fibres from the glossopharyngeal nerve travel in which branch of the mindibualr nerve?
auricolutemporal branch
the facial nerve exits the cranial cavity via 2 structures, what are these?
internal acoustic meatus
stylomastoid foramen
what structure is used as an anatomical landmark for tracing the main motor branches of the facial nerve, although has no relationship with this nerve?
parotid gland
name the 5 main motor branches of the facial nerve?
temporal zygomatic buccal marginal mandibular cervical
describe some sensory functions of the facial nerve?
carry taste to anterior 2/3 tongue and soft palate
parasympathetic fibres to glands below oral fissure
parasympathetic innervation of lacrimal glands
which virus is known to cause inflammation of the facial nerve and may cause bells palsy?
HSV
