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la mechanique et les equipements code Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

Le chassis

A

the case/skeleton (pressed steel frame) and working parts CAR STRUCTURE

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2
Q

what does le chasis do

A

designed to deform/resit in different places to protect occupants of the cabin in case of impact

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3
Q

le moteur

A

the motor

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4
Q

how does the moteur work

A

the engine; commanded by ‘pédale d’accélérateur”

it ‘drives’ at least 2 wheels of a vehicle.

Between the engine and wheels there is a gearbox which can be manual or automatic.

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5
Q

how does la transmission work

A

clutch & gearbox: transmits movement and controls the power/speed and force of the car along the road

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6
Q

what is ‘le embrayage’

A

the clutch

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7
Q

how does l’embrayage work

A

changes speed

allow for gradual ‘starting up’ (démarrer) of the car and slow manouvering

NOT for braking

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8
Q

what is the boite de vitesse?

A

the gear box

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9
Q

how does la boite de vitesse work

A

adapts POWER and SPEED of ENGINE (moteur) on demand

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10
Q

how to gears work in a manual car

A

1st gear + 2nd gear: low speed, most powerful

4th gear + 6th gear: high speed, reduced power

moves from ‘position debrayeee’ (disengaged) to embrayée (engaged) to change speed

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11
Q

automatic vs manual gearbox

A

controlled by electronic computer that changes the gear and clutch automatically

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12
Q

how do automatic gear changes work

A 
Automatic gear lever positions: 
D (drive) for normal gear, 
N (neutral) for neutral
R (reverse) for reverse gear
P (park) for parked vehicle.

Attention, putting the lever on P does not dispense with applying the handbrake!

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13
Q

why is it not good to drive under/over in speed over a gear

A

damanages engine
leads to overconsumption of fuel

(sous regime/sur regime)

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14
Q

Les roues

A

wheels

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15
Q

describe the structures of les roues

A

Bande de roulement= part of wheel in contact with the ground

Flanc= brand, type and characteristics of a tire are indicated on the visible part of the tire (sidewall of tire)

Sculptures= debossed and embossed molded designs in the tread. They are used to evacuate water on wet roads.

Structures= how the wheel is made/composed

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16
Q

describe motorized wheel placement and function

A

The drive wheels are at the front for traction and at the rear for propulsion.

They are at the front and at the back for the “4x4”.

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17
Q

what is the suspension composed of

A

spring & shock absorber in each wheel

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18
Q

what is important for tires?

A

must be identical on axle/essieu

Brand, type, characteristics

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19
Q

when can the identical-tire rule be ignored?

A

In the event of a puncture, it is possible not to respect this rule, while the breakdown service is being carried out.

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20
Q

is a spare wheel mandatory?

A

Spare wheel is not mandatory in a vehicle; at minimum you can use the tire repair device present in the trunk

if wheel is a slab respect the recommended maximum speed

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21
Q

how to change a wheel?

A
  1. Put wheel in contact with ground: loosen the nuts (les ecrous) using crank
  2. Raise wheel from ground with the jack (le cric) and remove nuts & wheel
  3. Put the replacement wheel (la roue de secours) and the nuts in the wheel structure
  4. Put the wheel back on the ground and tighten the nuts
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22
Q

les ecrous

A

nuts

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23
Q

le cric

A

the jack

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24
Q

la roue de secours

A

replacement wheel

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25
Les freins
the brakes
26
how are les freins commanded
a pedal that reacts on all 4 wheels a handbrake (on last 2 wheels) for when driver is absent
27
how to use brakes during an emergency?
apply the brake forcefully without locking the wheels. If they get stuck, release the pressure so they start spinning again and regain their grip, then increase the pressure again.
28
how to emergency brake with ABS
Emergency braking with ABS: you have to press the brake pedal fully and not release the pressure even if you feel vibrations. ABS= system the frange anti-blockage; prevents blocking of wheels
29
l'eclairage
light systems
30
describe only-front lights (AVANT)
white lights visibllile to different drivers allow different levels of visibllity some are dazzling
31
describe front/back lights?
les clignonants (orange lights); signalling for drivers
32
behind lights?
red lights; sometimes also white
33
Feux de position: what are they; what is their visibllity?
34
what to adaptive lights do?
The adaptive lights rotate their beams according to the position of the steering wheel to illuminate the path that the vehicle will follow.
35
what light is this?
left clignontant
36
what light is this
feux de brouillard
37
what are these lights?
top: feux de position middle: feux de croisement bottom: feux de route right: clognontant droit
38
feux de croisement? (visibllity)
30m at least without blinding helps against sun Les feux de croisement sont asymétriques : le feu du côté droit éclaire plus à droite qu'à gauche.
39
feux de route? visibllity?
100 m at least; can be blinding
40
feux de brouillard avant; lighting?
very very strong and 'round' light | against fog/snow/strong rain
41
how to access driving position?
To access the driving position, the car must be opened with the ignition key or a card. The opening and locking of the doors can be done remotely. Some keys are also fitted with selective locking or unlocking of the boot. Some keys may never even come out of your bag, they remotely control the opening of the tailgate and the doors.
42
how to start the engine?
Starting the engine, without inserting a key: just press the "START" button while disengaging or braking simultaneously. With a key, the lock must be unlocked by simultaneously turning the key and the steering wheel. Position "2" allows you to listen to the radio, position "3" the warning lights come on, and position "4" corresponds to starting the engine.
43
what is le tableu de bord? what is it composed of?
the dashboard: - le compteurs - les commandes - les adjustement - steering wheel
44
what are les compteurs?
speed meeters; indicate speed and pace and km driven
45
tachometer vs odometer?
type of compteurs: tachometer: indicate state of engine and speed (le compte-tours) odometer: visualizes the KM you're driven since first registering car l(e compteur kilométrique)
46
what are les commandes composed of?
controls steering wheel: composed of: Les commandes de réglage Les commandes au volant Sur les côtés du volant
47
what lights can you find on the dashboard?
- clignotants | - feux de distresse
48
what adjustment commands are there? (commandes de reglagles)
Dashboard brightness adjustment Mirror adjustment Adjusting the height of the lights if the vehicle load is heavier Settings for ventilation speed and direction, air flow and cabin temperature
49
what commandes de volants are there?
The horn (klaxon) Audio control Speed limiter (limiteur de Vitesse) Speed regulator Hands free system (le system mains libres
50
what commands are there Sur les côtés du volant
LEFT: lights & inidcators RIGHT: wiper and washer controls
51
what settings MUST work even if car is not turned on?
Le signal de détresse | La fermeture centralisée
52
Les voyants
signals (lights)
53
what do blue and green lights idnicate
lights are on
54
what do red lights indicate
urgent issues in car or STOP need (temperature of motor for example)
55
what do orange lights indicate
memory-helpers; fuel reminder or car diagnostic
56
feux de position
57
Frein a main
58
auto-diagnostic moteur
59
feux de croisement
60
niveau de liquide de frein
61
pre-chauffage (disel cars)
62
feux de route
63
charge battery
64
usure des plaquettes de frein
65
pression d'huile
66
degrivage de lunette arriere
67
clignotants funciontality
68
temperature of refroidissement liquid
69
fuel alert
70
front fog light
71
distress light
72
back fog light
73
what to check outside of the car?
wheels: state & pressure oils/liquids around car lights/brakes functioning
74
what to check inside car?
if wind-shield wipers and lights work well if essuie-glaces needs changing : changer les balais d'essuie-glaces s'ils présentent des craquelures ou s'ils laissent des traces sur le pare-brise.
75
why is it bad if lights are not totally working
in case light is broken; risk of being confused with 2-wheeler bad light sitautions leads to bad visibllity ad increased accidents stop lights not working=risks accidents
76
when to check wheels and how?
- after hitting sidewalk/rock - use les temoins (inidcators) to check wear; they should be at 1.7mm - no blisters/hernias on the flank - check pressure 1 a month
77
how to check wheel pressure
'cold at 3 km'; if controlling hot add 0.3 to pressure bar logo/letters indicate place of 'pressure' 1 a month check generally pressure checker ('étiquette indiquant les pressions de gonflage se trouve généralement sur le montant de la portière conducteur.)
78
what motor checks need to be done?
windshield wiper fluid (and in winter put anti-freeze) oil level brake fluid coolant
79
Le contrôle du niveau de lave-glace.
in winter add; liquide qui ne gèle pas.
80
Le contrôle du niveau de liquide de frein.
if levels are low there might be an issue with the break. Check with a specialist.
81
le contrôle du niveau d’huile.
Vérifier que le niveau se trouve près du repère maxi.
82
Le contrôle du niveau de liquide de refroidissement.
Add the quantity (visually) without passing the maximum
83
identify the locations of the motor checks
84
what to do if you see any of these signs?
Immediate stop: red signs indicate if you need to stop instantly to check things i.e. battery or oil orange/yellow: Prevoir un arret (stop soon or see specialist); usually to do with headlights
85
how often should you do a technical check with your manufacteurer?
eery 20,000 km travelled; check air, oil and gas
86
what might happen if you don't do a check with your manufactereur?
you might lose your waranty (guarante en case de panne) your car might fail
87
how often to do technical controls?
6 months before 4-year-annivesary of car; usually initiated by manufactereure after that; every 2 years
88
how does your date of validity of tech-contorl chagne?
indicated on immatriulation certificate and changed on wind-shield
89
what happens if you need to do repairs?
Checks are carried out without dismantling. Practically all the parts, in the event of an anomaly, can be subject to a counter-visit. label 's' is given to you The repair is mandatory and the counter-visit must be made within two months.
90
what does 'le proces verbal' do ?
Le procès-verbal du contrôle technique indique si le véhicule doit ou non subir une contre-visite. A : favorable S : défavorable La mention en est faite sur le certificat d'immatriculation

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